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A phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing DOPO derivative as flame retardant for polylactic acid (PLA)

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Abstract

The preparation of high-efficient flame-retardant PLA remains a major challenge due to the unavoidable loss in mechanical properties. In this study, a DOPO derivative containing phosphorus and nitrogen in the molecular structure with amino as terminal group (DOPO-NH2) was incorporated into PLA to improve the flame resistance. The addition of this DOPO derivative on the thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PLA was investigated. With loading of only 5 mass% DOPO-NH2, the LOI value increased to 26% and UL-94 V-0 was attained. The heat release rate showed obvious decrease by microscale combustion calorimetry. Moreover, the mechanical properties of PLA/5DOPONH2 composite have not deteriorated significantly due to the low loading and the existence of hydrogen bond between DOPO-NH2 and PLA matrix.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by Science and Technology Innovation Talent Team Project in Guizhou Province ([2015]4006), High level Innovative Talent-training Program in Guizhou Province ([2015]4037 and [2016]5667), Science Foundation of Guizhou Province (2018]1088), Doctoral Scientific Fund Project in Huanggang Normal University (2042019029).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials and Metallurgy of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People’s Republic of China

    Xinxin Wang, Shuhao Qin & Guomin Xu

  2. Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People’s Republic of China

    Wentao He

  3. National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, Guiyang, 550014, People’s Republic of China

    Lijuan Long, Shaowen Huang, Shuhao Qin & Guomin Xu

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  1. Xinxin Wang
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  2. Wentao He
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  3. Lijuan Long
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  4. Shaowen Huang
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  5. Shuhao Qin
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  6. Guomin Xu
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Correspondence to Guomin Xu.

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Fig. S1. FTIR (a), 1H NMR spectra (b), 31P NMR spectra (c) and MS (d) of DOPO-NH2. (TIFF 1334 kb)

10973_2020_9688_MOESM2_ESM.tif

Fig. S2. Absorbance of pyrolysis products for pure PLA (a) and PLA/10DOPO-NH2 composite (b) at different temperatures. (TIFF 1273 kb)

10973_2020_9688_MOESM3_ESM.tif

Fig. S3. The images of the specimens after LOI and UL-94 tests: (a) PLA, (b) PLA/5DOPO-NH2, (c) PLA/7.5DOPO-NH2 and (d) PLA/10DOPO-NH2. (TIFF 4408 kb)

10973_2020_9688_MOESM4_ESM.tif

Fig. S4. The digital images of the char residue of PLA and flame retardant PLA after heating in muffle for 10 min: (a) PLA; (b) PLA/5DOPO-NH2; (c) PLA/7.5DOPO-NH2 and (d) PLA/10DOPO-NH2. (TIFF 4443 kb)

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Wang, X., He, W., Long, L. et al. A phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing DOPO derivative as flame retardant for polylactic acid (PLA). J Therm Anal Calorim 145, 331–343 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09688-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09688-7

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