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Experimental study of pool boiling heat transfer on an annealed TiO2 nanofilm heating surface

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Abstract

The hydrothermal stability of titanium oxide (TiO2) made it a potential candidate in nanofilm (NF) coating on heating substrate for pool boiling enhancement ramified under passive technique. The objective is to conduct an experimental study on pool boiling of saturated water by the implementation of an annealed TiO2 micro-/nanostructured heating surface for the enhancement of heat transfer between the liquid and the heating surface envisioned as the corollary of annealing. Electron beam physical vapour deposition is employed to synthesize four TiO2 nanofilm-coated substrates of two different thicknesses (500 and 100 nm); among them, one from each thickness is annealed at an inert atmosphere. The test samples are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy and contact angle metre (dynamic) to understand the morphology, topology and crystallinity and hydrophilicity of the surface. Experimental analysis of heating surfaces revealed that the annealed TiO2 1000 nm micro-/nanostructure-recorded maximum reduction in wall super heat (ΔT) of 52% and enhancement in heat transfer coefficient (h) of 74% than untreated copper substrate also exhibit superior structural stability after several runs rendering annealing a potential method for the amelioration of nucleation and structural stability of heating substrates. As hypothesized, annealing of nanofilm coating improved the structural stability of the NF rendering unwavering boiling performance evident from the results.

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Abbreviations

ΔT :

Wall super heat (K)

\(\emptyset\) :

Microscopic contact angle (°)

HTC:

Heat transfer coefficient (kW m−1 K−1)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−2 K−1)

q :

Heat flux (kW m−2)

A :

Area of cross section (m2)

V :

Voltage (V)

I :

Current (A)

d :

Diameter (m)

S:

Surface temperature

L:

Liquid temperature

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

NF:

Nanofilm

EBPVD:

Electron beam physical vapour deposition

ΔT :

Wall superheat

\(\emptyset\) :

Contact angle

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the effort of SAIF, IIT Bombay for SEM measurement facility and IIT Patna for the support of EDX and contact angle estimation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India

    Sudev Das & R. Johnsan

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India

    C. S. Sujith Kumar

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India

    Aparesh Datta

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  1. Sudev Das
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Correspondence to Sudev Das.

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Das, S., Johnsan, R., Sujith Kumar, C.S. et al. Experimental study of pool boiling heat transfer on an annealed TiO2 nanofilm heating surface. J Therm Anal Calorim 144, 1073–1082 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09503-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09503-3

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