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Effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from pinhão coats on the properties of corn and pinhão starches

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Abstract

The Araucaria angustifolia seed, named pinhão, has a high content of carbohydrates, and it is considered an unconventional starch source. Its coats are rich in phenolic compounds, which can be easily extracted with some solvents. This study presents a method of aqueous and ethanolic extraction of phenolic compounds from pinhão coats and its incorporation into corn and pinhão starches. Thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffractometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy were applied to evaluate the thermal, structural and morphological properties of starches. The control samples were prepared under the same conditions, with deionised water and ethanol/water 55:45 v/v, without extracts. Starches incorporated with both extracts showed lower thermal decomposition temperatures than the native ones. The gelatinization enthalpy (ΔHgel) of corn starch decreased after incorporation with extracts. The ΔHgel of native pinhão starch was 7.3 J g−1. A higher ΔHgel was observed after treatment with ethanolic extract, while the aqueous extract caused a decrease in this value. Treatments did not change the diffraction patterns but change the relative crystallinity (RC) of starches, except to the samples treated with ethanol/water 55:45 v/v that maintained RC similar to the native ones. There was a good correlation of FTIR data with RC and ΔHgel. After incorporation with ethanolic extract, the pinhão starch showed superficial peeling. No change was observed in morphological characteristics for the other samples. Results indicate that there is an interaction between the phenolic compounds of the pinhão coats and the starch.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Brazilian governmental agencies Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and Programa Uniedu Pós-Graduação, CNPq (Proc. No 307654/2017-6), Araucaria Foundation (Proc. No 16443), for the financial support, and also to thank C-LABMU (UEPG) for help in the analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Santa Catarina (IFSC), Av. Expedicionários, 2150, Canoinhas, SC, 89460-000, Brazil

    Cleoci Beninca

  2. State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil

    Cleoci Beninca, Radla Zabian Bassetto Bisinella, Camila Delinski Bet, Cristina Soltovski de Oliveira, Raíssa Arantes Barboza, Ivo Mottin Demiate & Egon Schnitzler

  3. Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), R. João Rosa Góes, 1761, Dourados, MS, 79825-070, Brazil

    Tiago André Denck Colman

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  1. Cleoci Beninca
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Beninca, C., Bisinella, R.Z.B., Bet, C.D. et al. Effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from pinhão coats on the properties of corn and pinhão starches. J Therm Anal Calorim 140, 743–753 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08811-7

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