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Intake charge temperature effect on performance characteristics of direct injection low-temperature combustion engines

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Abstract

The low-temperature combustion (LTC) concept presents solutions for simultaneous reduction in pollution and fuel consumption of internal combustion engines. However, the most important challenges of this concept are the lack of any direct combustion phasing control method and the limited operating range. Two LTC concepts, namely direct injection (DI) homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) and partially premixed combustion, together with DI diesel can be combined to provide the desired performance for the whole load range. Although this combination provides the solution for the limited operating range, there still remains the problem with the method for combustion phasing control. Inlet temperature modulation may be used to regulate the combustion phasing. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of the intake charge temperature on the DI-HCCI combustion. The investigations are based on a novel two-stage combustion model. The combustion is predicted with the single-zone approach from the intake valve closing to the end of injection. Thereupon, it is predicted by the multi-zone approach. The results indicate that intake charge temperature has profound effects on in-cylinder charge pressure and temperature. It alters heat release rate magnitude and phasing, thus changing combustion timing. Moreover, this parameter affects indicated delivered power of the DI-HCCI combustion engine.

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Abbreviations

C :

Specific heat capacity at constant pressure (J kg−1 K−1)

H v :

Fuel heat of vaporization (J kg−1)

h :

Enthalpy (J kg−1)

M :

Molar mass (kg kmol−1)

m :

Mass (kg)

p :

In-cylinder pressure (Pa)

Q :

Heat (J)

R :

Average specific gas constant (J kg−1 K−1)

T :

Temperature (K)

t :

Time (s)

U :

Internal energy (J)

V :

Volume (m3)

Y :

Mass fraction (kg kg−1)

y :

Unknown variables of the model solver

\(\dot{\omega }\) :

Species consumption/production rate (mol m−3 s−1)

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

f:

Injected liquid fuel

HT:

Heat transfer

i:

Each species in the mixture

K:

Number of zones in multi-zone model

loss:

Energy loss

mix:

In-cylinder charge mixture

nSp:

Number of species in the mechanism

p:

Fuel prepared for combustion after the injection

reac:

Due to chemical reactions

vap:

Fuel vaporization

v:

Vaporized fuel

z:

Each zone in multi-zone model

ATDC:

After top dead center

CAD:

Crank angle degrees

DI:

Direct injection

EGR:

Exhaust gas recirculated

EOI:

End of injection

EVO:

Exhaust valve opening

HCCI:

Homogeneous charge compression ignition

ICE:

Internal combustion engine

IMEP:

Indicated mean effective pressure

IVC:

Intake valve closing

LTC:

Low-temperature combustion

ODE:

Ordinary differential equation

PPC:

Partially premixed combustion

PRF:

Primary reference fuel

RCCI:

Reactivity-controlled compression ignition

SOC:

Start of combustion

SOI:

Start of injection

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Babol (Noshirvani) University of Technology, Babol, Iran

    Morteza Fathi, Davood Domiri Ganji & Omid Jahanian

Authors
  1. Morteza Fathi
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  2. Davood Domiri Ganji
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  3. Omid Jahanian
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Correspondence to Morteza Fathi.

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Fathi, M., Ganji, D.D. & Jahanian, O. Intake charge temperature effect on performance characteristics of direct injection low-temperature combustion engines. J Therm Anal Calorim 139, 2447–2454 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08515-y

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