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Sol-gel and polyurethane based flame retardant and water repellent coating for Palm/PES nonwovens composite

  • Original Paper: Industrial and technological applications of sol-gel and hybrid materials
  • Published:
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Abstract

In this paper, a new commercial and industrial value-added nonwoven textile fabrics based on natural fiber was developed. These nonwovens have been firstly produced using a needling technic by combining palm and polyester fibers in the weight ratio of 75:25 respectively. Then, they were coated with different silica-based solutions to enhance their water repellent and flame retardant features. For this aim, chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTS), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), and polyurethane were achieved to nonwoven fabrics via the sol-gel process. The morphological analysis of samples was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy. FTIR analysis was used to determinate the chemical structure of nonwovens. The mechanical properties of developed nonwoven materials have been studied according to ISO 13934–1 standard. The thermal properties of materials were investigated using thermal gravimetric analysis (TG). The result confirmed that the mechanical properties of Palm/ Polyester nonwovens coated by CPTS or TEOS were improved as well as their thermal stability and flame resistance. The water absorption capacity, the rain test according to ISO 9073–6, the AATCC 22 spray-rating standard, and the contact angle analysis were performed to evaluate the water-repellent properties of untreated and treated nonwovens. We have found that all coated nonwovens with CPTS exhibit good water-repellent properties.

Highlights

  • The needle punching nonwoven made from Palm/Polyester blends (75 wt %/25 wt %) was manufactured and functionalized using sol-gel process with CPTS and TEOS precursors by impregnation method.

  • Polyurethane was used for untreated and treated nonwovens with two precursors (CPTS and TEOS). The percentage of polyurethane was set at 5% and the order of treatments has also been studied.

  • The physical, mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties have been comparatively assessed.

  • All simples coated with CPTS have good tensile strength, water repellency, thermal stability, and flame retardancy compared to other materials.

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Author contributions

(All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by AZMAMI Oussama, SAJID Laila, BOUKHRISS Aicha, MAJID Sanaa, EL AHMADI Zakia, BENAYADA Abbès and GMOUH Said. GMOUH Said wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Engineering and Materials (LIMAT), Faculty of Sciences ben m’sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Av Driss El Harti PO 7955, Sidi Othmane, Casablanca, Morocco

    Oussama Azmami & Said Gmouh

  2. Laboratory of expertise and control (LEC), Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries (ESITH), Km 8, Route d’EL JADIDA, Casablanca, Morocco

    Oussama Azmami & Laila Sajid

  3. Laboratory of Applied Geophysics of Geotechnical Geology of Engineering and Environment (L3GIE), Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP. 765 Av. Ibn Sina, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco

    Laila Sajid, Zakia El Ahmadi & Abbès Benayada

  4. Laboratory REMTEX, Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries (ESITH), Km 8, Route d’EL JADIDA, Casablanca, Morocco

    Aicha Boukhriss

  5. Laboratory of Materials Engineering for the Environment and Valorization, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, BP 5366, Maârif, Casablanca, Morocco

    Sanaa Majid

Authors
  1. Oussama Azmami
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  2. Laila Sajid
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  3. Aicha Boukhriss
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  4. Sanaa Majid
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  5. Zakia El Ahmadi
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  6. Abbès Benayada
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  7. Said Gmouh
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Correspondence to Said Gmouh.

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Azmami, O., Sajid, L., Boukhriss, A. et al. Sol-gel and polyurethane based flame retardant and water repellent coating for Palm/PES nonwovens composite. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 97, 92–105 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05429-2

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