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Theoretical and experimental studies on the influence of Cr incorporation on the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 materials

  • BriefCommunication: Sol–gel and hybrid materials for dielectric, electronic, magnetic, and ferroelectric applications
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Abstract

Multiferroic materials based on lead-free ferroelectric materials have potential applications in the fabrication of next-generation devices. Herein, the sol–gel method is used to synthesize pristine and Cr-doped Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 nanocrystals. Density functional theory simulation is performed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the observed electronic and magnetic properties of the nanocrystals. In materials doped with 9 mol% Cr, the substitution of Cr in the Ti site decreases the optical band gap from 3.09 eV to 2.26 eV and induces ferromagnetism at room temperature. The saturation magnetization of the materials is approximately 0.18 μB/Cr at 5 K and can be attributed to the interplay of the unpaired electron counts of Cr3+ ions in the crystal field mechanism and Jahn–Teller effect. Pristine Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 samples exhibit weak ferromagnetism at room temperature, given the existence of the mixed valence states of Ti4+ and Ti3+ and the formation of O or Ti vacancies during sample growth. The present study provides deep insight into the induction of magnetism in ferroelectric materials doped with transition metals. Such materials have potential spintronic applications.

Highlights

  • The Cr-doped Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 materials were fabricated by the sol–gel method.

  • The room-temperature ferromagnetism in Cr-doped samples was obtained.

  • Optical band gap was reduced from 3.09 eV to 2.26 eV.

  • Defect-induced room-temperature ferromagnetism was investigated by density functional theory calculations.

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Acknowledgements

This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under Grant Number 103.02-2015.89 and the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1C1B5017261).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engieering Physics, Ha Noi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Ha Noi, Vietnam

    Nguyen Hoang Tuan, Vuong Kha Anh, Luong Huu Bac & Dang Duc Dung

  2. Department of Physics, Ha Noi National Metropolitan University, 98 Duong Quang Ham, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam

    Vuong Kha Anh

  3. CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38042 Grenoble, France and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institut Néel, F-38042, Grenoble, France

    Nguyen Ba Doan

  4. Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea

    Dorj Odkhuu

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  1. Nguyen Hoang Tuan
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  2. Vuong Kha Anh
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  3. Nguyen Ba Doan
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  4. Luong Huu Bac
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  5. Dang Duc Dung
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  6. Dorj Odkhuu
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Correspondence to Dang Duc Dung or Dorj Odkhuu.

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Tuan, N.H., Anh, V.K., Doan, N.B. et al. Theoretical and experimental studies on the influence of Cr incorporation on the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 materials. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 87, 528–536 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4764-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4764-1

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