Abstract
The isotope technique was used to study the groundwater dynamics of the Upper Pleistocene aquifer in the Nambo Plain, by which stable isotope (18O, 2H) composition of groundwater samples was used to define the origin of groundwater and their tritium and 14C content were used to determine groundwater age and predict the aquifer’s recharge zone. The results show that the fresh groundwater in the study aquifer is of meteoric origin, while the saline groundwater is the result of mixing fresh groundwater with saline water of marine origin. The groundwater age of the study aquifer ranges from modern to about 29,000 years old; the spatial distribution of groundwater age shows that water in the study aquifer moves along two directions, such as from northwest to southeast and from northeast to southwest, with an average velocity of 7.7 m/year and 8.1 m/year, respectively. The study aquifer has a recharge zone in the northeast part of the Plain, and another one may be in Cambodian territory, outside of Vietnam.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Van Nghi V et al (1998) Groundwater in the Nambo Plain, Dep Geol Miner
Dung NH et al (2004) Summary report of project stratigraphic division N–Q and geological structure study of Nambo Plain, Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam
IAEA (2000) Environmental Isotopes In The Hydrological Cycle
Chinh NK (2019) Summary report of Project “Study groundwater dynamics by the isotope hydrological techniques for water resources management in the Nambo Plain
Vietnam-Netherland Mekong Delta Masterplan Project (2011) Mekong Delta water resources assessment study
IAEA (1983) Guidebook on Nuclear Techniques in Hydrology. Tech. Report Series No. 91
Mazor E, Dekker M (2004) Chemical and Isotopic Groundwater Hydrology, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Batlle-Aguilar J, Banks EW, Batelaan O, Kipfer R, Brennwald MS, Cook PG (2017) Groundwater residence time and aquifer recharge in multilayered, semi-confined and faulted aquifer systems using environmental tracers. J Hydrol 546:150–165
Seeyan S, Merkel B (2014) Determination of recharge by means of isotopes and water chemistry in Shaqlawa-Harrir Basin, Kurdistan Region Iraq. Hydrol Curr Res. 5(3):1
Nikolov J et al (2019) A survey of isotopic composition (2H, 3H, 18O) of groundwater from Vojvodina. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 320:385–394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-019-06469-x
Wang T et al (2017) Isotopic evidence of allogenic groundwater recharge in the Northern Ordos Basin. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 314:1595–1606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-017-5523-4
Penna et al (2010) On the reproducibility and repeatability of laser absorption spectroscopy measurements for δ2H and δ18O isotopic analysis. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci Discuss 7:2975–3014
Stuiver M, Polach H (1977) Reporting of 14C data. Radiocarbon 19(3):355–363
Fontes JCh, Gamier JM (1979) Determination of the initial 14C activity of the total dissolved carbon: a review of the existing models and a new approach. Water Resour Res 15:399–413
Mook WG, Van Der Plicht J (1999) Reporting 14C activities and concentrations. Radiocarbon 41(3):227–239
IAEA (2013) Isotope method for dating old groundwater
Obiefuna GI, Orazulike DM (2011) The hydrochemical characteristics and evolution of groundwater in semiarid Yola Area, Northeast, Nigeria. Res J Environ Earth Sci 3(4):400–416
Rozanski K, Gröning M (2004) Carbon-14 assay in water samples using benzene synthesis and liquid scintillation spectrometry. IAEA, TECDOC, p 1401
Taylor CB (1976) Technical procedure note no. 19. International atomic energy agency, Vienna
Manfred Groning & Kazimierz Rozansky (2003) Uncertainty assessment of environmental tritium measurements in water. Accred Qual Assur 8:359–366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-003-0631-y
Keesari T et al (2021) Isotope and hydrochemical systematics of groundwater from a multi-tiered aquifer in the central parts of Indo-Gangetic Plains, India—Implications for groundwater sustainability and security. Sci Total Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147860
Keesari T et al (2022) Tracing thermal and non-thermal water circulations in shear zones of Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt zone, Eastern India- inferences on sustainability of geothermal resources. J Hydrol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128172
Jamshidzadeh Z, Mirbagheri SA (2011) Evaluation of groundwater quantity and quality in the Kashan Basin, Central Iran. Desalination 270:23–30
Chadha DK (1999) A proposed new diagram for geochemical classification of natural waters and interpretation of chemical data. Hydrogeol J 7:431–439
Askri B et al (2014) Assessment of groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and agricultural use in Batinah coastal plain, Sultanate of Oman. 6th International conference on water resources and arid environments (ICWRAE 6), pp 168–178
Lien TTB et al (2022) Use of isotope techniques to evaluate the recharged ability of the Upper Pleistocene aquifer in the Nambo Plain. Vietnam conference on nuclear science and technology, Da Lat, 09th-10th December 2021. (Accepted by journal of Nuclear Science and Technology (NST))
Carreira PM, Bahir M, Ouhamdouch S, Galego PF, Nunes D (2018) Tracing salinization processes in coastal aquifers using an isotopic and geochemical approach: comparative studies in western Morocco and southwest Portugal
Maduabuchi C, Faye S, Maloszewski P (2006) Isotope evidence of paleo-recharge and paleoclimate in the deep confined aquifers of the Chad basin, NE Nigeria. Sci Total Environ 370:467–479
Thakur N et al (2020) Assessment of recharge source to springs in upper Beas basin of Kullu region, Himachal Pradesh, India using isotopic signatures. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 323:1217–1225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-019-06617-3
Keesari T et al (2020) Dating of hot springs at Attri, Tarabalo and Athmalik sites in Odisha, India using radiocarbon technique. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 323:1227–1235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-019-06867-1
Mook WG, Bommerson JC, Staverman WH (1974) Carbon isotope fractionation between dissolved bicarbonate and gaseous carbon dioxide
Salem O Visser JH, Dray M, Gonfiantini R (1980) Groundwater flow patterns in the western Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. In: Arid Zone Hydrogeology: Investigations with isotope techniques. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, pp 165-179
Webster R, Oliver MA (2007) Geostatistics for environmental scientists. Wiley: Hoboken
Giraldo R, Delicado Useros PF, Mateu MJ (2017) Cokriging and multivariate kriging methods based on data of a functional random field. Comunicaciones en Estadistica. 10(2):315–344
Acknowledgements
This study was financially supported by the Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) under Project DTCB.13/20/TTHN. The authors would like to thank the MOST, the Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute (VINATOM), the Center for Nuclear Technologies (CNT), and the International Atomic Energy Agency (under the framework of the RAS7035 Project) for their enthusiastic assistance in the implementation of the Project.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Appendix
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Lien, T.T.B., Chinh, N.K., Viet, L.H.Q. et al. Study the Upper Pleistocene groundwater dynamic in the Nambo Plain for sustainable management of groundwater resources by isotope techniques. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 332, 3559–3570 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-09062-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-09062-5