Skip to main content
Log in

Radon concentration in drinking water in villages nearby Rafsanjan fault and evaluation the annual effective dose

  • Published:
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Abnormal amount of radon in water results in increasing health risks. Concentrations of 222Rn in 56 samples of drinking water resources, in villages surrounding “Rafsanjan fault” were measured in the fall of 2013. Range radon concentration is 0 and 18.480 BqL−1, respectively. The maximum annual effective dose for adults and children were 181.5 and 248.95 μSvY−1, respectively, and the lowest was zero for both groups. Radon concentration is higher on the right side of the fault than the left side. In order to reduce the radon concentration, water ventilation is recommended before use.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abdallah SM, Habib RR, Nuwayhid RY, Chatila M, Katul G (2007) Radon measurements in well and spring water in Lebanon. Radiat Meas 42(2):298–303

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Almayahi BA, Tajuddin AA, Jaafar MS (2012) Radiation hazard indices of soil and water samples in Northern Malaysian Peninsula. Appl Radiat Isot 70(11):2652–2660

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Khattak N, Khan M, Shah M, Javed M (2011) Radon concentration in drinking water sources of the Main Campus of the University of Peshawar and surrounding areas, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 290(2):493–505

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bonotto DM, Caprioglio L (2002) Radon in groundwaters from Guarany aquifer, South America: environmental and exploration implications. Appl Radiat Isot 57(6):931–940

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Tabar E, Yakut H (2014) Radon measurements in water samples from the thermal springs of Yalova basin, Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 299:311–319

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Moldovan M, Nita DC, Cucos-Dinu A, Dicu T, Bican-Brişan N, Cosma C (2014) Radon concentration in drinking water and supplementary exposure in Baita-stei mining area, Bihor county (Romania). Radiat Prot Dosimetry 158(4):447–452

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Al-Attiyah KH, Kadhim IH (2013) Measurement and study of radioactive radon gas concentrations in the selected samples of river Hilla/Iraq. J Nat Sci Res 3(14):117–123

    Google Scholar 

  8. Misdaq M, Ghilane M, Ouguidi J, Outeqablit K (2012) Radiation doses to individuals due to 238U, 232Th and 222Rn from the immersion in thermal waters and to radon progeny from the inhalation of air inside thermal stations. Radiat Environ Biophys 51(4):375–389

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Harris SA, Billmeyer ER, Robinson MA (2006) Evaluation of repeated measurements of radon-222 concentrations in well water sampled from bedrock aquifers of the Piedmont near Richmond, Virginia, USA: effects of lithology and well characteristics. Environ Res 101(3):323–333

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Namvaran M, Negarestani A (2012) Measuring the radon concentration and investigating the mechanism of decline prior an earthquake (Jooshan, SE of Iran). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 298:1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Singh S, Singh S, Kumar A, Bajwa BS, Mahajan S, Kumar V, Dhar S (2010) Radon monitoring in soil gas and ground water for earthquake prediction studies in North West Himalayas, India. Terr Atmos Ocean Sci 21(4):685–695

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Subber ARH, Ali MA, Al-Asadi TM (2011) The determination of radon exhalation rate from water using active and passive techniques. Pelagia Res 2(6):336–346

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Musavi Nasab SM, Negarestani A, Mohammadi S (2011) Modeling of the radon exhalation from water to air by a hybrid electrical circuit. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 288(3):813–818

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Han YL, Tom Kuo MC, Fan KC, Chiang CJ, Lee YP (2006) Radon distribution in groundwater of Taiwan. Hydrogeol J 14(1):173–179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Sahin L, Çetinkaya H, Saç MM, Içhedef M (2013) Determination of radon and radium concentrations in drinking water samples around the city of Kutahya. Radiat Prot Dosim 155(4):474–482

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Binesh A, Mohammadi S, Mowlavi A, Parvaresh P, Arabshahi H (2010) Evaluation of the radiation dose from radon ingestion and inhalation in drinking water sources of Mashhad. Res J Appl Sci 5(3):221–225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Bem H, Plota U, Staniszewska M, Bem EM, Mazurek D (2014) Radon (222Rn) in underground drinking water supplies of the Southern Greater Poland Region. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 299:1307–1312

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Habib poor z, binesh A, Mohammadi S (2011) Investegatin of heavy radioactive radon and radium in drinking water in area rivers and Ramsar PRASSI by Device. Iran J Phys Res 4(11):397–403

    Google Scholar 

  19. Duggal V, Mehra R, Rani A (2013) Determination of 222Rn level groundwater using RAD7 detector in of Bathinda District of PUNJAB INDIA. Radiat Prot Dosim 156(2):239–245

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Erees FS, Aytas S, Sac MM, Yener G, Salk M (2007) Radon concentrations in thermal waters related to seismic events along faults in the Denizli Basin Western Turkey. Radiat Meas 42(1):80–86

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Ghosh D, Deb A, Sengupta R (2009) Anomalous radon emission as precursor of earthquake. J Appl Geophys 69(2):67–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. leung kc, lau SY, poon CB (1990) Gama radiation dose from radionuclide in Hong Kong soil. J Environ Radioact 11(23):281–288

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lawrence E, Poeter E, Wanty R (1991) Geohydrologic, geochemical, and geologic controls on the occurrence of radon in ground water near Conifer, Colorado USA. J Hydrol 127(1):367–386

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Geological Survey of Iran (1959) Geological map of Iran sheets 7150 and 7250 and 7249. State Library of Geology Survey and Mineral Exploration (Management Kerman), Iran

  25. Shahbazi-Gahrouei M, Saeb M (2008) Dose assessment and radioactivity of the mineral water resources of Dimeh springs in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province Iran. Nukleonika 53:31–34

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Radiation UNSCOTEOA (2000) Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. United Nations Publications

  27. UNSCEAR 2000 (2013) ANNEX B: exposures from natural radiation sources. Sources Eff Ioniz Radiat 1:108. http://www.unscear.org/unscear/publications/2000_1.html

  28. Todorovic N, Todorovic N, Nikolov J, Forkapic S, Bikit I, Mrdja D, Krmar M, Veskovic M (2012) Public exposure to radon in drinking water in SERBIA. Appl Radiat Isot 70(3):543–549

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Asadi A, Rahimi M (2013) Determination of the annual effective dose absorbed by the people of Rafsanjan City and surrounding areas with measurement of radon gas concentration in drinking water using active method, vol. 23. Iran Conference Paper, pp 1753–1756

  30. Somashekar R, Ravikumar P (2010) Radon concentration in groundwater of Varahi and Markandeya river basins, Karnataka State India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 285(2):343–351

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Amar.kr.ir (2013). http://www.amar.kr.ir

  32. Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs Council Directive 2013/51/Euratom (2013) New European requirements for monitoring for radioactivity in drinking water supplies. DWI Information Letter 06/2013. diw. Drinking water inspectorate

  33. Alirezazadeh N (2005) Radon concentrations in public water supplies in Tehran and evaluation of radiation dose. Iran J Radiat Res 3(2):79–83

    Google Scholar 

  34. Asadi A, Ranjbar Askari H, Rahimi M, Jabbari L (2010) Evaluation and measurement of radon concentration in groundwater Anar city and surrounding areas Anar fault

Download references

Acknowledgement

This research emanates from a Master’s thesis and was conducted at the Environmental Health Engineering Research Center and was sponsored by the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology of Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

A note of appreciation is expressed here to the Vice -Chancellor and to all University staff who provided assistance to make this study possible.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Malakootian.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Malakootian, M., Khashi, Z., Iranmanesh, F. et al. Radon concentration in drinking water in villages nearby Rafsanjan fault and evaluation the annual effective dose. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 302, 1167–1176 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3345-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3345-1

Keywords

Navigation