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Metals and semi-metals in street soils of São Paulo city, Brazil

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Abstract

São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil and South America with about 20 million inhabitants in the metropolitan area, more than nine million motor vehicles and intense industrial activity, which are responsible for increasing pollution in the region. Nevertheless, little is known concerning metal and semi-metal content in the soils of this metropolitan region. This type of information could be extremely useful as a fingerprint of environmental pollution. The present study determined the elements As, Ba, Co, Cr, Sb, and Zn concentrations in soils adjacent to avenues of highly dense traffic in São Paulo city to assess their levels and possible sources. The analytical technique employed was Instrumental neutron activation analysis. The results showed, except for Co, concentration levels higher than the reference values for soils of São Paulo, according to the Environmental Protection Agency of the State of São Paulo guidelines. When compared to similar studies in other cities around the world, São Paulo soils presented higher levels, probably due to its high density traffic and industrial activity. The concentrations obtained for As and Cr indicate anthropogenic origin. The high levels of the traffic-related elements Ba, Sb, and Zn in soils nearby high density traffic avenues indicate they may originate from vehicular exhausts.

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Acknowledgment

The authors thank The Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil

    Andreza P. Ribeiro, Ana Maria G. Figueiredo, Regina B. Ticianelli, Georges M. Nammoura-Neto, Natália C. Silva, Mauricio H. Kakazu & Guilherme Zahn

  2. Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-120, Brazil

    Andreza P. Ribeiro

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  1. Andreza P. Ribeiro
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  2. Ana Maria G. Figueiredo
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  3. Regina B. Ticianelli
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  4. Georges M. Nammoura-Neto
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  5. Natália C. Silva
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  6. Mauricio H. Kakazu
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  7. Guilherme Zahn
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Correspondence to Ana Maria G. Figueiredo.

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Ribeiro, A.P., Figueiredo, A.M.G., Ticianelli, R.B. et al. Metals and semi-metals in street soils of São Paulo city, Brazil. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 291, 137–142 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-011-1260-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-011-1260-2

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