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Improved pyroelectric effect in PVDF/BaTiO3 composite flexible films mediated by enhanced β – PVDF phase formation

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Abstract

Ferroelectric films have been widely studied for their energy harvesting applications and flexible ferroelectric films for their piezoelectric energy harvesting. In this work, we explore tuning the PVDF/BaTiO3 composite flexible films for pyroelectric energy conversion applications. This work reports the influence of barium titanate particles (BaTiO3) in the formation of β-phase polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) on PVDF/BaTiO3 composite films based on Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies. PVDF/BaTiO3 composite films with different weight percentages of BaTiO3 were prepared by spin coating technique. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopic analysis of PVDF/BaTiO3 composite films indicated that the polar β-phase of PVDF nucleated by the incorporation of BaTiO3 through CF2 interaction with BaTiO3 particles as inferred from the filler percentage dependence study of vibration modes. The 15 wt% concentration of PVDF with 5 wt% of BaTiO3 composite film has higher β-phase content and better crystallinity. The improved film quality, in turn, enhances the pyroelectric coefficient and pyroelectric energy conversion figure of merit.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the DST-SERB project (ECR/2017/002600) for financial support. We also wish to thank the Department of Chemistry DST-FIST, Nanotechnology Research center and Department of Physics and Nanotechnology and SCIF for the facilities at SRM IST. We acknowledge SRM Institute of Science and Technology for its support and facilities. P. Mandal and K. Malleswari acknowledge the financial support of the Early Career Research Grant from the Department of Science and Technology (DST)—Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) (Grant No. ECR/2018/001252).

Funding

This study was funded by DST-SERB (grant numbers ECR/2017/002600 and ECR/2018/001252).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Functional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, 603203, India

    Achal Bhiogade & R. V. K. Mangalam

  2. Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, 603203, India

    Achal Bhiogade

  3. Department of Physics, SRM University – AP, Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati, 522 240, India

    Katragadda Nagamalleswari & Pranab Mandal

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  1. Achal Bhiogade
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Correspondence to Pranab Mandal or R. V. K. Mangalam.

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10965_2023_3669_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Supplementary file1 Labelling of films prepared, FTIR and Raman spectra of the films prepared, β-Phase content from intensity ratio, BaTiO3 weight percentage dependence of vibrational modes, Differential scanning calorimetry analysis. (PDF 1149 KB)

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Bhiogade, A., Nagamalleswari, K., Mandal, P. et al. Improved pyroelectric effect in PVDF/BaTiO3 composite flexible films mediated by enhanced β – PVDF phase formation. J Polym Res 30, 288 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-023-03669-8

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