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Role of washing process in the improvement of surface properties of porous geopolymers

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Abstract

This study investigates the importance of washing process in the quantitative improvement of both porosity and specific surface area of geopolymers. To this end, geopolymers were synthesized using natural kaolinite clay via alkaline activation. The characterization of both unwashed (UW-GP) and washed (W-GP) geopolymers, involved several techniques: X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), specific surface area, pore distribution, pore volume and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). After the washing process, both specific surface area (SBET) and pore volume (Vp) of geopolymers have increased considerably: SBET = 0.59 m2/g and Vp = 0.001 cm3/g (UW-GP) versus SBET = 78.80 m2/g and Vp = 0.104 cm3/g (W-GP)) respectively. Also, the adsorption test was conducted using methylene blue molecules dissolved in water, and the results for our geopolymers were obtained as follows: Qads (UW-GP) = 52.2 mg/g and Qads (W-GP) = 55.6 mg/g. These values demonstrate that the washing process has a minimal effect on the adsorption capacity of geopolymers. Hence, the washing process allows the increasing of the surface reactivity of geopolymers through the elimination of excess of unreacted alkaline solution which is responsible of the efflorescence.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Matériaux Et Environnement (LME), Faculté Des Sciences, Université IBN ZOHR, Cité Dakhla B.P. 8106, Agadir, Maroc

    Lahcen Bouna, Youssef Ettahiri & Abdeljalil Benlhachemi

  2. Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Appliquée, Faculté Des Sciences, Université de Yaoundé 1, B.P. 812, Yaoundé, Cameroun

    Antoine Elimbi

  3. Laboratoire LMDC, INSA/UPS Génie Civil, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 04, France

    Martin Cyr

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  1. Lahcen Bouna
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  2. Youssef Ettahiri
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  3. Antoine Elimbi
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  4. Abdeljalil Benlhachemi
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  5. Martin Cyr
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Contributions

LB: wrote the manuscript text and prepared figures; YE: prepared figures and carried out the experiments; AE: reading the article and making corrections; AB: reading the article and making correction; MC: reading the article and making corrections.

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Correspondence to Lahcen Bouna.

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Bouna, L., Ettahiri, Y., Elimbi, A. et al. Role of washing process in the improvement of surface properties of porous geopolymers. J Porous Mater 31, 569–576 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-023-01533-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-023-01533-0

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