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Transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate over nanocrystalline ordered mesoporous MgO–ZrO2 solid base catalyst

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Abstract

One-pot nanocrystalline mesoporous MgO–ZrO2 solid solution was synthesised by a simple evaporation induced self assembly route with ZrO(NO3)2·8H2O and Mg(NO3)2·4H2O as precursors along with triblock co-polymer of Pluronic P123 as structure directing agent. The prepared catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction studies (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, TPD of CO2 and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD results confirm the formation of nanocrystalline ordered mesoporous structure of MgO–ZrO2 (MZx). Additionally the TEM and N2 sorption study confirms the ordered mesoporous nature of MZx materials. The Mg2+ incorporation into zirconia lattice presumably stabilizes the tetragonal phase and avoids excessive growth of zirconia crystals. The activity of the prepared samples was tested for the transesterification of glycerol. Among all tested, the MZ2 catalyst (Mg:Zr ratio 1:2) proved to be efficient for the transesterification of glycerol by dimethyl carbonate (96 % conversion and 88 % yield). We attribute the high efficiency of MZ2 to its basic nature and highly dispersed MgO species.

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Acknowledgments

One of the authors MV is grateful to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India; and School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa for the facilities and financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban, 4000, South Africa

    Mohan Varkolu, Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda & Werner E. Van Zyl

  2. Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500607, India

    Mohan Varkolu, David Raju Burri & Seetha Rama Rao Kamaraju

Authors
  1. Mohan Varkolu
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  2. David Raju Burri
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  3. Seetha Rama Rao Kamaraju
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  4. Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda
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  5. Werner E. Van Zyl
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Correspondence to Werner E. Van Zyl.

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Varkolu, M., Burri, D.R., Kamaraju, S.R.R. et al. Transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate over nanocrystalline ordered mesoporous MgO–ZrO2 solid base catalyst. J Porous Mater 23, 185–193 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-015-0069-8

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