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Degradation of Poly(l-Lactic Acid) and Bio-Composites by Alkaline Medium Under Various Temperatures

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Abstract

Ribbons of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA containing 10 or 25% Osage Orange (OO) biocomposites of various sized heartwood particles were exposed to non-composting soil conditions either outdoors or in a greenhouse. No appreciable degradation was evident after 208 day treatments. An artificial alkaline degradation test system was developed to reduce the study time required to evaluate PLA compositional properties on degradation. Ribbons of PLA and PLA-OO biocomposites of various sized particles were subjected to hydrolysis in alkaline concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.25 M NaOH) under various temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 80 °C) up to 56 days. Higher concentrations of NaOH (e.g., 0.25 M) caused more dramatic and rapid deterioration of PLA and PLA-OO composites than lower NaOH concentrations for all temperatures tested. Incubation in either the low temperatures (15 and 20 °C) or the highest temperature (80 °C) was consistently more effective in PLA-OO degradation than employing 35 or 40 °C. Several alkaline and temperature test combinations are offered to study accelerated PLA degradation. Ribbons immersed in NaOH were examined with the scanning electron microscope to analyze for morphological alterations.

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Acknowledgements

The researchers would like to thank Amy Stuff, Rick Haig and Dr. Art Thompson for technical support. Names are necessary to report factually on available data, however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrant the standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Functional Foods Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA

    B. Tisserat

  2. Plant Polymer Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA

    V. L. Finkenstadt

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  1. B. Tisserat
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  2. V. L. Finkenstadt
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Correspondence to B. Tisserat.

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Tisserat, B., Finkenstadt, V.L. Degradation of Poly(l-Lactic Acid) and Bio-Composites by Alkaline Medium Under Various Temperatures. J Polym Environ 19, 766–775 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-011-0319-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-011-0319-z

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