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Interactive 3D-PDF Presentations for the Simulation and Quantification of Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Surgical Approaches

  • Education & Training
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Abstract

A three-dimensional (3D) model of the skull base was reconstructed from the pre- and post-dissection head CT images and embedded in a Portable Document Format (PDF) file, which can be opened by freely available software and used offline. The CT images were segmented using a specific 3D software platform for biomedical data, and the resulting 3D geometrical models of anatomical structures were used for dual purpose: to simulate the extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approaches and to perform the quantitative analysis of the procedures. The analysis consisted of bone removal quantification and the calculation of quantitative parameters (surgical freedom and exposure area) of each procedure. The results are presented in three PDF documents containing JavaScript-based functions. The 3D-PDF files include reconstructions of the nasal structures (nasal septum, vomer, middle turbinates), the bony structures of the anterior skull base and maxillofacial region and partial reconstructions of the optic nerve, the hypoglossal and vidian canals and the internal carotid arteries. Alongside the anatomical model, axial, sagittal and coronal CT images are shown. Interactive 3D presentations were created to explain the surgery and the associated quantification methods step-by-step. The resulting 3D-PDF files allow the user to interact with the model through easily available software, free of charge and in an intuitive manner. The files are available for offline use on a personal computer and no previous specialized knowledge in informatics is required. The documents can be downloaded at http://hdl.handle.net/2445/55224.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been partly supported by the grants “Marató TV3 Project” [411/U/2011 - TITLE: Quantitative analysis and computer aided simulation of minimally invasive approaches for intracranial vascular lesions] and “2012PID-UB/002 Project” [Grupo de Anatomía Virtual y de Simulación, Universitat de Barcelona].

We also thank Olga Fuentes for her technical assistance in segmentation of CT images and 3D reconstructions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Surgical NeuroAnatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain

    Marija Mavar-Haramija, Alberto Prats-Galino & Anna Puigdelívoll-Sánchez

  2. VisualMed System Group, University of Salamanca, Spain, Salamanca, Spain

    Juan A. Juanes Méndez

  3. Neurosurgical Department, G. Rummo Hospital, Benevento, Italy

    Matteo de Notaris

Authors
  1. Marija Mavar-Haramija
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  2. Alberto Prats-Galino
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  3. Juan A. Juanes Méndez
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  4. Anna Puigdelívoll-Sánchez
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  5. Matteo de Notaris
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marija Mavar-Haramija.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Education & Training

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Mavar-Haramija, M., Prats-Galino, A., Méndez, J.A.J. et al. Interactive 3D-PDF Presentations for the Simulation and Quantification of Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Surgical Approaches. J Med Syst 39, 127 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-015-0282-7

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