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Patterned Supersolids in Dipolar Bose Systems

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Abstract

We study by means of first-principle quantum Monte Carlo simulations the ground state phase diagram of a system of dipolar bosons with aligned dipole moments, and with the inclusion of a two-body repulsive potential of varying range. The system is shown to display a supersolid phase in a relatively broad region of the phase diagram, featuring different crystalline patterns depending on the density and on the range of the repulsive part of the interaction (scattering length). The supersolid phase is sandwiched between a classical crystal of parallel filaments and a homogeneous superfluid phase. We show that a “roton” minimum appears in the elementary excitation spectrum of the superfluid as the system approaches crystallization. The predictions of this study are in quantitative agreement with recent experimental results.

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Notes

  1. See, e.g., [1] and references therein.

  2. In a typical experiment, the assembly of dipolar particles is spatially confined by means of a harmonic trap, which is generally non-spherical. Therefore, experimental observations will be to a degree affected by the specific confinement. However, the confining lengths in the three directions are generally large enough that one can reasonably argue that one is mostly investigating bulk properties.

  3. More precisely, Fig. 2a, like other similar images featured in this paper, shows the particle density map (integrated over the z direction) obtained from a statistically representative configuration (i.e., particle world lines). By statistically representative, we mean that every configuration generated in the simulation is physically equivalent to that shown in the figure, differing at the most by a rotation and/or a translation.

  4. The superfluid properties of a single filament are of interest in their own right, and they will be the subject of future work. A regime of independent (quasi)superfluid filaments in the thermodynamic limit seems possible.

  5. It is important to note that these objects appear spontaneously, i.e., they are not the result of a particular choice of starting configuration of the simulation; indeed, they form regardless of what such a starting point is.

  6. It is interesting to note that in the strictly two-dimensional limit no striped supersolid phase exists in this system. See [33].

  7. It need be noted that the dipolar length defined in Ref. [41] is equivalent to 1 / 3 of that defined here.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, as well as ComputeCanada. Useful conversations with F. Cinti, S. Moroni and F. Ferlaino are also gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada

    Youssef Kora & Massimo Boninsegni

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  1. Youssef Kora
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Correspondence to Massimo Boninsegni.

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Kora, Y., Boninsegni, M. Patterned Supersolids in Dipolar Bose Systems. J Low Temp Phys 197, 337–347 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-019-02229-z

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