We give a variational Monte Carlo description at T = 0 K of 4He filling under pressure a porous glass within the shadow wave function technique. We have considered as confining media two different smooth pores, one with a circular cross-section of radius R = 13 Å resembling a Gelsil pore, and the other with a hexagonal cross–section of side S = 14 Å resembling a FSM-16 pore. In all the studied cases the density profiles show a strong layering of the 4He atoms. As the density is increased, solidification takes place layer by layer, starting from the pore wall. Computing the one-body density matrix we are able to estimate the Bose–Einstein condensate fraction, which is still non–zero even when the whole system is in the solid phase.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Beamish J.R., Hikata A., Tell L., Elbaum C., (1983) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 425
Lie-Zhao C., Brewer D.F., Girit C., Smith E.N., Reppy J.D., (1986) . Phys. Rev. B 33, 106
Pearce J.V., Bossy J., Schober H., Glyde H.R., Daughton D.R., Mulders N., (2004) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 93: 145303
Yamamoto K., Nakashima H., Shibayama Y., Shirahama K., (2004) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 93: 075302
Kim E., Chan H.W., (2004) . Nature 427, 225
Andreev A.F. and Lifshitz I.M., Sov. Phys. JETP 29, 1107 (1969); G. V. Chester, Phys. Rev. A 2, 256 (1970); A. J. Leggett, Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 1543 (1970).
Galli D.E., Rossi M., Reatto L., (2005) . Phys. Rev. B 71: 140506(R)
Kim E., Chan H.W., (2004) . Science 305: 1941
Galli D.E., Reatto L., (2006) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 96: 165301
Rittner A.S.C., Reppy J.D., (2006) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 97: 165301
J. Day, T. Herman, and J. Beamish, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 035301 (2005); J. Day and J. Beamish, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 105304 (2006).
Astrakharchik G.E., Boronat J., Casulleras J., Giorgini S., (2002) . Phys. Rev. A 66: 23603
Gordillo M.C., Ceperley D.M., (2000) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 85: 4735
Galli D.E., Reatto L., (2004) . J. Low Temp. Phys 136, 343
Apaja V., Krotscheck E., Phys. Rev. B 67, 184304 (2003); Phys. Rev. Lett.91, 225302 (2003).
Khariallah S.A., Ceperley D.M., (2005) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 95: 185301
Gelb L.D., Gubbins K.E., (1998) . Langmuir 14: 2097
Rossi M., Galli D.E., Reatto L., (2005) . Phys. Rev. B 72: 064516
Inagaki S., Koiwai A., Suzuki N., Fukushima Y., Kuroda K., (1996) . Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 69: 1449
Vitiello S., Runge K., Kalos M.H., (1988) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 60: 1970
Pederiva F., Ferrante A., Fantoni S., Reatto L., (1994) . Phys. Rev. Lett. 72: 2589
Moroni S., Galli D.E., Fantoni S., Reatto L., (1998) . Phys. Rev. B 58, 909
Galli D.E., Reatto L., (2000) . Physica B 284–288, 345
M. Buzzacchi, Galli D.E., and L. Reatto, Phys. Rev. B 64, 94512 (2001); D. E. Galli, M. Buzzacchi, and L. Reatto, J. Chem. Phys. 115, 10239 (2001).
Rossi M., Verona M., Galli D.E., Reatto L., (2004) . Phys. Rev. B 69: 212510
K. Shirahama, private communication.
Stan G., Bojan M.J., Curatolo S., Gatica S.M., Cole M.W., (2000) . Phys. Rev. B 62: 2173
Cole M.W., F. Ancilotto and S. M. Gatica, J. Low Temp. Phys. 138, 195 (2005); P. Lambin, A. A. Lucas, I. Derycke, J. P. Vigneron, and E. G. Derouane, J. Chem. Phys. 90, 3814 (1989).
Schindler M., Dertinger A., Kondo Y., Pobell F., (1996) . Phys. Rev. B 53: 11451
Panagiotopoulos A.Z., (1987) . Mol. Phys. 62, 701
MacFarland T., Vitiello S.A., Reatto L., Chester G.V., Kalos M.H., (1994) . Phys. Rev. B 50: 13577
Aziz R.A., Nain V.P.S., Carley J.S., Taylor W.L., McConville G.T., (1979) . J. Chem. Phys 70: 4330
Galli D.E., Reatto L., (2001) . J. Low Temp. Phys. 124, 197