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Scalable Synthesis of Layered Bismuth Germanate (Bi12GeO20) for Supercapacitors and Sodium ion Battery Applications

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Abstract

Bismuth-based semiconductors have attracted significant attention in rechargeable batteries and supercapacitor devices. In this study, layered structured bismuth germanate (Bi12GeO20) was synthesized using hexamine as a surfactant, at 850 °C, and utilized as electro-active material for supercapacitor and sodium ion (NaB) storage applications. The physical characterization of the prepared Bi12GeO20 was studied with various characterization and microscopic analyses such as XRD, FT-IR, FESEM with EDS, HRTEM, and XPS analysis. The XRD analysis exposed the successful formation of a highly crystalline sillenite phase of Bi12GeO20. The surface morphology analysis FE-SEM and HR-TEM revealed the effective construction of the 2D layered structure of Bi12GeO20. The EDS results profound that uniform distribution of the Bi, Ge, and O elements with good elemental stoichiometry. The supercapacitor properties of the prepared Bi12GeO20 were evaluated with the help of three electrode method using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance (EIS) techniques in the aqueous solution of 3.0 M KOH. The prepared Bi12GeO20 architecture shows a higher specific capacitance of 355 F g−1, with a current density of 1 A g−1. Finally, the sodium-ion storage capacity of Bi12GeO20 was evaluated using a coin cell-type electrode. The as-synthesized Bi12GeO20 material was utilized as an anode for Na ion storage and demonstrated a high specific capacity of 740 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C rate. With these appreciable electrochemical performances, the single component Bi12GeO20 holds an ideal alternative electrode material to develop high-performance power and energy storage devices.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by SRMIST (Selective Excellence Research Initiative - 2023) Grant number: SRMIST/R/AR(A)/SERI2023/174/26-3944. The authors further acknowledge the SRM-Central Instrumentation Facility (SCIF), SRM Nanotechnology Research Centre (NRC) for providing instrumentation facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India

    Sethumathavan Vadivel & Sujita Prabhakar

  2. Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Laboratory (EESCL), Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, 603 203, India

    V. Divya Dharshini, Kasiviswanathan Kavibharathy & Kumaran Vediappan

  3. School of Engineering and Technology, National Forensic Sciences University, Sector-09, Gandhinagar, 382007, India

    Bappi Paul

  4. Department of Physics, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamilnadu, 642003, India

    B. Saravanakumar

  5. Department of Chemistry, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamilnadu, 642003, India

    P. A. Periasamy

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  1. Sethumathavan Vadivel
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Contributions

Sethumathavan Vadivel: Writing Original Draft/Review and Methodology V. Divya Dharshini: Na-Ion battery Experiment Kasiviswanathan Kavibharathy: Conceptualization Kumaran Vediappan: Review the draft Bappi Paul: Supervison B. Saravanakumar: Supercapacitor Experiment P. A. Periasamy: Funding Sujitha Prabhakar: Proof Reading and Scheme.

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Vadivel, S., Divya Dharshini, V., Kavibharathy, K. et al. Scalable Synthesis of Layered Bismuth Germanate (Bi12GeO20) for Supercapacitors and Sodium ion Battery Applications. J Inorg Organomet Polym (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-024-03098-0

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