Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ag/AgCl Decorated Ionic Liquid@Tantalum Pentoxide Nanostructures: Fabrication, Photocatalytic Activity, and Cytotoxicity Effects Against Human Brain Tumor Cells

  • Research
  • Published:
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Environmental contaminants have become a major concern for human beings due to their adverse effects on drinking water quality. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has been extensively investigated as a potential strategy to minimize the consequences of as-related processes. Using a room-temperature ionic liquid-mediated co-precipitation method, Ag@AgCl nanoparticles were loaded onto tantalum pentoxide to make a plasmonic photocatalyst to remove Congo Red dye. The physicochemical properties of the photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction powder (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms. The results indicate that 96% of the dye was degraded within 20 min with a rate constant of 0.14 min−1. The key radicals involved in the photocatalysis, recognized as O2·– species, were identified by electron spin resonance (ESR) in the presence of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), as the spin trapping agent. Our findings and quenching experiments elucidates the mechanism of the charge carrier migration. The cytotoxicity activity of the nanostructures was also examined against human brain glioblastoma tumor cells for the first time. A precise analysis of the cell death pathway was conducted using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and caspase activity assays in combination with fluorescence microscopy images. The prepared nanomaterials were found to be promising candidates for treating the organic pollutants and biomedical waste effluents from academic and industrial activities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

Research data supporting this publication are available upon request.

References

  1. M. Padervand, H. Heidarpour, M. Goshadehzehn, S. Hajiahmadi, Photocatalytic degradation of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol over Ag/AgCl-decorated/[MOYI]-coated/ZnO nanostructures: material characterization, photocatalytic performance, and in-vivo toxicity assessment of the photoproducts. Environ. Technol. Innov. 21, 101212 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. C. Cheng, B. He, J. Fan, B. Cheng, S. Cao, J. Yu, An inorganic/organic S-scheme heterojunction H2-production photocatalyst and its charge transfer mechanism. Adv. Mater. 33, 2100317 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Wang, D.W. Bahnemann, L. Bian, G. Dong, J. Zhao, C. Wang, Two-dimensional layered zinc silicate nanosheets with excellent photocatalytic performance for organic pollutant degradation and CO2 conversion. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 58(24), 8103–8108 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. M. Padervand, E. Lichtfouse, D. Robert, C. Wang, Removal of microplastics from the environment. A review. Environ. Chem. Lett. 18(3), 807–828 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. N. AttariKhasraghi, K. Zare, A. Mehrizad, N. Modirshahla, M.A. Behnajady, Achieving the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of ceftriaxone sodium using CdS-gC3 N4 nanocomposite under visible light irradiation: RSM modeling and optimization. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater. 31, 3164–3174 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. A. Phuruangrat, P.-O. Keereesaensuk, K. Karthik, P. Dumrongrojthanath, N. Ekthammathat, S. Thongtem et al., Synthesis of Ag/Bi2 MoO6 nanocomposites using NaBH4 as reducing agent for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalysis of rhodamine B. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater. 30, 322–329 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. M. Kunnamareddy, R. Rajendran, M. Sivagnanam, R. Rajendran, B. Diravidamani, Nickel and sulfur codoped TiO2 nanoparticles for efficient visible light photocatalytic activity. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater. 31, 2615–2626 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. M. Mohsen, H. Tantawy, I. Naeem, M. Awaad, O. Abuzalat, A. Baraka, Activation of cadmium–imidazole buffering coordination polymer by sulfur-doping for the enhancement of photocatalytic degradation of cationic and anionic dyes under visible light. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater. 32(8), 2961–2974 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Liu, Z. Wei, W. Shangguan, Defects engineering in photocatalytic water splitting materials. ChemCatChem 11(24), 6177–6189 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. K. Hu, E L, Li Y, Zhao X, Zhao D, Zhao W, et al., Photocatalytic degradation mechanism of the visible-light responsive BiVO4/TiO2 core–shell heterojunction photocatalyst. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. 30, 775–788 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Y. Gao, L. Li, W. Zu, Y. Sun, J. Guan, Y. Cao et al., Preparation of dual Z-scheme Bi2MoO6/ZnSnO3/ZnO heterostructure photocatalyst for efficient visible light degradation of organic pollutants. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. 32(5), 1840–1852 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Z. Gong, N. Yang, Z. Chen, B. Jiang, Y. Sun, X. Yang et al., Fabrication of meshes with inverse wettability based on the TiO2 nanowires for continuous oil/water separation. Chem. Eng. J. 380, 122524 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Q.A. Yousif, N.H. Haran, Fabrication and characterization of TiO2 nanowires as photoanode electrode of the dye-sensitized solar cell. J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 16(7), 3013–3017 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. A. El-Shaer, W. Ismail, M. Abdelfatah, Towards low cost fabrication of inorganic white light emitting diode based on electrodeposited Cu2O thin film/TiO2 nanorods heterojunction. Mater. Res. Bull. 116, 111–116 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Y. Lu, X. Ou, W. Wang, J. Fan, K. Lv, Fabrication of TiO2 nanofiber assembly from nanosheets (TiO2-NFs-NSs) by electrospinning-hydrothermal method for improved photoreactivity. Chin. J. Catal. 41(1), 209–218 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. N. Yuan, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, G. Chen, S. Meng, Y. Fan et al., What is the transfer mechanism of photoexcited charge carriers for g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalysts? Verification of the relative p–n junction theory. J. Phys. Chem. C. 124(16), 8561–8575 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Padervand, B. Rhimi, C. Wang, One-pot synthesis of novel ternary Fe3N/Fe2O3/C3N4 photocatalyst for efficient removal of rhodamine B and CO2 reduction. J. Alloy. Compd. 852, 156955 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Y. Wang, H. Huang, Z. Zhang, C. Wang, Y. Yang, Q. Li et al., Lead-free perovskite Cs2AgBiBr 6@ g-C3N4 Z-scheme system for improving CH4 production in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Appl. Catal. B 282, 119570 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. L. Cheng, H. Yin, C. Cai, J. Fan, Q. Xiang, Single Ni atoms anchored on porous few-layer g-C3N4 for photocatalytic CO2 reduction: the role of edge confinement. Small 16(28), 2002411 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. S. Wang, L. Chen, X. Zhao, J. Zhang, Z. Ao, W. Liu et al., Efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting on metal-free 1D SWCNT/2D ultrathin C3N4 heterojunctions via novel non-resonant plasmonic effect. Appl. Catal. B 278, 119312 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. V. Hasija, V.-H. Nguyen, A. Kumar, P. Raizada, V. Krishnan, A.A.P. Khan et al., Advanced activation of persulfate by polymeric g-C3N4 based photocatalysts for environmental remediation: a review. J. Hazardous Mater. 413, 125324 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. X. Zhang, S. He, WOx/g-C3N4 layered heterostructures with controlled crystallinity towards superior photocatalytic degradation and H2 generation. Carbon 156, 488–498 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. X. Zhang, Y. Liu, L. Chen, Z. Li, Y. Qu, W. Wu et al., Porous two-dimension MnO2-C3N4/titanium phosphate nanocomposites as efficient photocatalsyts for CO oxidation and mechanisms. Appl. Catal. B 282, 119563 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. P. Pooseekheaw, W. Thongpan, A. Panthawan, E. Kantarak, W. Sroila, P. Singjai, Porous V2O5/TiO2 nanoheterostructure films with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance prepared by the sparking method. Molecules 25(15), 3327 (2020)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. M. Padervand, H. Heidarpour, A. Bargahi, A mechanistic study and in-vivo toxicity bioassay on acetamiprid photodegradation over the zeolite supported cerium-based photocatalyst. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 395, 112526 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. A. Joodi, S. Allahyari, N. Rahemi, S. Hoseini, M. Tasbihi, ZnO–C3N4 solar light-driven nanophotocatalysts on floating recycled PET bottle as support for degradation of oil spill. Ceram. Int. 46(8), 11328–11339 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. T. Soltani, X. Zhu, A. Yamamoto, S.P. Singh, E. Fudo, A. Tanaka et al., Effect of transition metal oxide cocatalyst on the photocatalytic activity of Ag loaded CaTiO3 for CO2 reduction with water and water splitting. Appl. Catal. B 286, 119899 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. B. Niu, Z. Chen, Z. Xu, Recycling waste tantalum capacitors to synthesize high value-added Ta2O5 and polyaniline-decorated Ta2O5 photocatalyst by an integrated chlorination-sintering-chemisorption process. J. Clean. Prod. 252, 117206 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. S. Wei, Q. Heng, Y. Wu, W. Chen, X. Li, W. Shangguan, Improved photocatalytic CO2 conversion efficiency on Ag loaded porous Ta2O5. Appl. Surf. Sci. 563, 150273 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Y. Liu, W. Zeng, Y. Ma, R. Dong, P. Tan, J. Pan, Oxygen-defects modified amorphous Ta2O5 nanoparticles for solar driven hydrogen evolution. Ceram. Int. 47(4), 4702–4706 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Y. Tang, J. Huang, S. Liu, D. Xiang, X. Ma, X. Yu et al., Surface engineering induced superstructure Ta2O5–x mesocrystals for enhanced visible light photocatalytic antibiotic degradation. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 596, 468–478 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Y. Song, J. Yi, J. Yuan, T. Fei, X. Zhu, W. Yang et al., Accelerating photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of Ta2O5/g-C3N4 via nanostructure engineering and surface assembly. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 46, 20516–20523 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. J. Huang, S. Liu, W. Long, Q. Wang, X. Yu, S. Li, Highly enhanced photodegradation of emerging pollutants by Ag/AgCl/Ta2O5−x mesocrystals. Sep. Purif. Technol. 279, 119733 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. X. Geng, Y. Xu, P. Wang, M. Zhang, G. Wen, Synthesis of (NH4) 2Ta2O3F6 mesocrystals via a hydrothermal route and their conversion to TaO2F and Ta2O5 mesocrystals for photocatalytic dyes degradation. Ceram. Int. 47(10), 13865–13873 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. M. Bao, Y. Liu, X. Sun, J. Ren, Z. Zhang, J. Ke et al., Plasmonic Ag/AgCl/NH2-MIL-88B (Fe) inorganic-organic hybridized heterojunction as visible-light-driven photocatalyst for hexavalent chromium reduction. J. Alloy. Compd. 862, 158195 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. P. Raizada, P. Thakur, A. Sudhaik, P. Singh, V.K. Thakur, A. Hosseini-Bandegharaei, Fabrication of dual Z-scheme photocatalyst via coupling of BiOBr/Ag/AgCl heterojunction with P and S co-doped g-C3N4 for efficient phenol degradation. Arab. J. Chem. 13(3), 4538–4552 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. H. Heidarpour, M. Padervand, M. Soltanieh, M. Vossoughi, Enhanced decolorization of rhodamine B solution through simultaneous photocatalysis and persulfate activation over Fe/C3N4 photocatalyst. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 153, 709–720 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. D. Sun, Y. Zhang, Y. Liu, Z. Wang, X. Chen, Z. Meng et al., In-situ homodispersely immobilization of Ag@ AgCl on chloridized g-C3N4 nanosheets as an ultrastable plasmonic photocatalyst. Chem. Eng. J. 384, 123259 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. G. Fan, R. Ning, Z. Yan, J. Luo, B. Du, J. Zhan et al., Double photoelectron-transfer mechanism in Ag−AgCl/WO3/g-C3N4 photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for trimethoprim degradation. J. Hazard. Mater. 403, 123964 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. G. Fan, J. Zhan, J. Luo, J. Lin, F. Qu, B. Du et al., Fabrication of heterostructured Ag/AgCl@ g-C3N4@ UIO-66 (NH2) nanocomposite for efficient photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa under visible light. J. Hazard. Mater. 404, 124062 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. M. Padervand, F. Nasiri, S. Hajiahmadi, A. Bargahi, S. Esmaeili, M. Amini et al., Ag@ Ag2MoO4 decorated polyoxomolybdate/C3N4 nanostructures as highly efficient photocatalysts for the wastewater treatment and cancer cells killing under visible light. Inorg. Chem. Commun. 141, 109500 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. M. Padervand, S. Ghasemi, S. Hajiahmadi, B. Rhimi, Z.G. Nejad, S. Karima et al., Multifunctional Ag/AgCl/ZnTiO3 structures as highly efficient photocatalysts for the removal of nitrophenols, CO2 photoreduction, biomedical waste treatment, and bacteria inactivation. Appl. Catal. A General. 643, 118794 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Z. Ghasemi, V. Abdi, I. Sourinejad, Green fabrication of Ag/AgCl@ TiO2 superior plasmonic nanocomposite: biosynthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity under sunlight. J. Alloy. Compd. 841, 155593 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. G. Wang, H. Mitomo, Y. Matsuo, N. Shimamoto, K. Niikura, K. Ijiro, DNA-templated plasmonic Ag/AgCl nanostructures for molecular selective photocatalysis and photocatalytic inactivation of cancer cells. J. Mater. Chem. B. 1(43), 5899–5907 (2013)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Y. Xu, S. Huang, M. Xie, Y. Li, L. Jing, H. Xu et al., Core–shell magnetic Ag/AgCl@ Fe2O3 photocatalysts with enhanced photoactivity for eliminating bisphenol A and microbial contamination. New J. Chem. 40(4), 3413–3422 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. M. Padervand, S. Hajiahmadi, Ag/AgCl@ Tubular g-C3N4 nanostructure as an enhanced visible light photocatalyst for the removal of organic dye compounds and biomedical waste under visible light. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 425, 113700 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. P.H. Brunner, J. Fellner, Setting priorities for waste management strategies in developing countries. Waste Manage. Res. 25(3), 234–240 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. D. Suryaman, K. Hasegawa, S. Kagaya, Combined biological and photocatalytic treatment for the mineralization of phenol in water. Chemosphere 65(11), 2502–2506 (2006)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. F. Magesa, Y. Wu, S. Dong, Y. Tian, G. Li, J.M. Vianney et al., Electrochemical sensing fabricated with Ta2O5 nanoparticle-electrochemically reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for the detection of oxytetracycline. Biomolecules 10(1), 110 (2020)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  50. L. Fu, X. Wang, Detection of chrysin as agent for potential treatment of Alzheimer’s disease using electrochemical sensor based on CuO@Ta2O5 nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 16(9), 210910 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. A. Krishnaprasanth, M. Seetha, Solvent free synthesis of Ta2O5 nanoparticles and their photocatalytic properties. AIP Adv. 8(5), 055017 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. J. Bai, Y. Li, M. Li, S. Wang, C. Zhang, Q. Yang, Electrospinning method for the preparation of silver chloride nanoparticles in PVP nanofiber. Appl. Surf. Sci. 254(15), 4520–4523 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. S. Palanisamy, K. Subramanian, L.G. Bennet, J. Ambrose, A. Gopalakrishnan, S. Babu et al., Synthesis and characterization of PCU@ C-Ag/AgCl nanoparticles as an antimicrobial material for respiratory tract infection. Nanofabrication 6(1), 68–78 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. W. Shao, Y.-R. Chen, F. Xie, H. Zhang, H.-T. Wang, N. Chang, Facile construction of a ZIF-67/AgCl/Ag heterojunction via chemical etching and surface ion exchange strategy for enhanced visible light driven photocatalysis. RSC Adv. 10(63), 38174–38183 (2020)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  55. L. Ai, Microwave-assisted synthesis of silver nanocrystals in benzyl alcohol and their subsequent in situ chemical transformation into Ag–AgCl nanohybrids for plasmonic photocatalysis. Appl. Phys. A 116(2), 589–595 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. C. Han, L. Ge, C. Chen, Y. Li, Z. Zhao, X. Xiao et al., Site-selected synthesis of novel Ag@AgCl nanoframes with efficient visible light induced photocatalytic activity. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2(31), 12594–12600 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. P. Ramesh, S. Muthukkumarasamy, K. Dhanabalan, T. Sadhasivam, K. Gurunathan, Synthesis and characterization of Ag and TiO2 nanoparticles and their anti-microbial activities. Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 7(4), 1501–1508 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  58. K. Jyoti, M. Baunthiyal, A. Singh, Characterization of silver nanoparticles synthesized using urtica dioica Linn. leaves and their synergistic effects with antibiotics. J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci. 9(3), 217–227 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. R.C. Frunza, B. Kmet, M. Jankovec, B. Malic, Ta2O5-based high-K dielectric thin films from solution processed at low temperatures. Mater. Res. Bull. 50, 323–328 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. T. Chankhanittha, J. Watcharakitti, S. Nanan, PVP-assisted synthesis of rod-like ZnO photocatalyst for photodegradation of reactive red (RR141) and Congo red (CR) azo dyes. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 30, 17804–17819 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. F. Rahnama, H. Ashrafi, M. Akhond, G. Absalan, Introducing Ag2O-Ag2CO3/rGO nanoadsorbents for enhancing photocatalytic degradation rate and efficiency of Congo red through surface adsorption. Colloids Surf. A 613, 126068 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. C. Ling, Z. Lv, Z. Zhu, S. Zhang, Y. Chen, Y. Li, Adsorption characteristics and electrochemical behaviors of congo red onto magnetic MgxCo (1–x) Fe2O4 nanoparticles prepared via the alcohol solution combustion process of nitrate. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. 930–942, 1–13 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  63. A.M. Elbarbary, Y.H. Gad, Radiation synthesis and characterization of poly (vinyl alcohol)/acrylamide/TiO2/SiO2 nanocomposite for removal of metal ion and dye from wastewater. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater. 31(10), 4103–4125 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. M. Padervand, Visible-light photoactive Ag–AgBr/α-Ag3VO4 nanostructures prepared in a water-soluble ionic liquid for degradation of wastewater. Appl. Nanosci. 6(8), 1119–1126 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. T.B. Devi, M. Ahmaruzzaman, Facile synthesis of rGO/Ag@AgCl core-shells nanocomposite and their multifunctional efficacy as a photocatalyst and antimicrobial agent for decontamination of water. J. Alloy. Compd. 860, 157988 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. X. Qin, J. Liu, Q. Zhang, W. Chen, X. Zhong, J. He, Synthesis of yellow-fluorescent carbon nano-dots by microplasma for imaging and photocatalytic inactivation of cancer cells. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 16(1), 1–9 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. M. Padervand, S. Ghasemi, S. Hajiahmadi, C. Wang, K4Nb6O17/Fe3N/α-Fe2O3/C3N4 as an enhanced visible light-driven quaternary photocatalyst for acetamiprid photodegradation, CO2 reduction, and cancer cells treatment. Appl. Surf. Sci. 544, 148939 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. C. Liao, Y. Jin, Y. Li, S.C. Tjong, Interactions of zinc oxide nanostructures with mammalian cells: cytotoxicity and photocatalytic toxicity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21(17), 6305 (2020)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  69. Y. Zhang, Y. Cheng, F. Yang, Z. Yuan, W. Wei, H. Lu et al., Near-infrared triggered Ti3C2/g-C3N4 heterostructure for mitochondria-targeting multimode photodynamic therapy combined photothermal therapy. Nano Today 34, 100919 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. I. Ullah, A.T. Khalil, M. Ali, J. Iqbal, W. Ali, S. Alarifi et al., Green-synthesized silver nanoparticles induced apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by generating reactive oxygen species and activating caspase 3 and 9 enzyme activities. Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev. 2020, 1–14 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. B. Ghaemi, E. Shaabani, R. Najafi-Taher, S. JafariNodooshan, A. Sadeghpour, S. Kharrazi et al., Intracellular ROS induction by Ag@ ZnO core–shell nanoparticles: frontiers of permanent optically active holes in breast cancer theranostic. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 10(29), 24370–24381 (2018)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

E. A. Dawi, E. Mustafa and M. Padervand acknowledge the support of the Ajman University Internal Research Grant No. DRGS Ref. 2022-IRG-HBS-5, RTG-2022-HBS-02.

Funding

This study was funded by Ajman University (DRGS Ref. 2022-IRG-HBS-5, RTG-2022-HBS-02).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nonlinear Dynamics Research Center (NDRC), Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates

    E. A. Dawi

  2. Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Campus Norrköping, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden

    E. Mustafa, O. Nur & M. Willander

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, P.O Box 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran

    M. Padervand

  4. College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates

    A. Ashames

  5. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, P. O. Box 19615-1178, Iran

    S. Hajiahmadi

  6. Biomolecular Science, Earth and Life Science, Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan, 1105/1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    L. Saleem

  7. Helmholtz-Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstraße 46, 48149, Münster, Germany

    M. Baghernejad

Authors
  1. E. A. Dawi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. Mustafa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Padervand
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Ashames
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. S. Hajiahmadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. L. Saleem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. M. Baghernejad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. O. Nur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. M. Willander
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

ED: Supervision, writing-Original draft preparation, writing-reviewing editing. EM: writing-reviewing editing. MP: Supervision, Investigation, writing-reviewing editing, writing-original draft preparation. AA: Methodology, writing-reviewing editing. SH: Investigation, methodology. LS: Methodology, writing-reviewing editing. MB: writing-reviewing editing. ON: Methodology, writing-reviewing editing. MW: writing-reviewing editing.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to E. Mustafa or M. Padervand.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dawi, E.A., Mustafa, E., Padervand, M. et al. Ag/AgCl Decorated Ionic Liquid@Tantalum Pentoxide Nanostructures: Fabrication, Photocatalytic Activity, and Cytotoxicity Effects Against Human Brain Tumor Cells. J Inorg Organomet Polym 33, 2647–2660 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-023-02693-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-023-02693-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation