Abstract
Providing broadband services in the rural area is a challenging work. Multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems can be applied to increase spectral efficiency. One of the most commonly used method in MU-MIMO broadcast channel is zero-forcing beamforming (ZFBF) since it provides a good trade off between complexity and performance. In this paper, we consider the ZFBF under the per-antenna power constraints. Particularly, a deterministic line-of-sight modeling of the downlink channels is adopted. To reduce the computational complexity, we consider the problem in which all the equality constraints are eliminated. By examining the KKT optimality conditions and the properties of the channel, some interesting properties are revealed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Caire, G., Shamai, S.: On the achievable throughput of multiatenna Gaussian broadcast channel. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory. 49, 1691–1706 (2003)
Joham, M., Utschick, W., Nossek, S.: Linear transmit processing in MIMO communications system. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 538, 2700–2712 (2005)
Sung, H., Lee, S.R., Lee, I.: Genearlized channel inversion methods for multiuser MIMO systems. IEEE Trans. Commun. 57, 3489–3499 (2009)
Udupa, P.S., Lehnert, J.S.: Optimizing zero-forcing precoders for MIMO broadcast systems. IEEE Trans. Commun. 55(8), 1516–1524 (2007)
Wiesel, A., Eldar, Y.C., Shamai, S.: Linear precoding via conic optimizaiton for fixed MIMO receivers. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 54, 161–176 (2006)
Wiesel, A., Eldar, Y.C., Shamai, S.: Zero-forcing precoding and generalized inverses. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 56(9), 4409–4418 (2008)
Li, B., Dam, H.H., Cantoni, A., Teo, K.L.: A primal–dual interior point method for optimal zero-forcing beamformer design under per-antenna power constraints. Optim. Lett. 8(6), 1829–1843 (2014)
Karakayali, K., Yates, R., Foschini, G., Valenzuela, R.: Optimal zero-forcing beamforming with per-antenna power constraints. In: IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory. Nice, France, pp. 101–105 (2007)
Lee, S.R., Kim, J.S., Moon, S.H., Kong, H.B., Lee, I.: Zero-forcing beamforming in multiuser MISO downlink systems under per-antenna power constraint and equal-rate metric. IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun. 12(1), 228–236 (2013)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by a grant from the Australia Research Council (No. DP120103859).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, B., Dam, H.H., Cantoni, A. et al. Some interesting properties for zero-forcing beamforming under per-antenna power constraints in rural areas. J Glob Optim 62, 877–886 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-014-0237-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-014-0237-4