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Fluorescence Characteristics of Bisphenol A in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

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Abstract

Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are emerging as a new class of ‘green’ solvents for use in a wide range of chemical processes. RTILs can sensitize or quench fluorescence of organic chemicals and their interactions still remain unclear, especially for weakly fluorescent chemicals. Herein, we report the effects of six RTILs on the fluorescence behavior of bisphenol A (BPA). The fluorescence intensities (FIs) of BPA in a RTIL-acetonitrile system were significantly quenched compared to acetonitrile. The quenching effect was stronger for [CnMIM]BF4 than [CnMIM]PF6. A decreasing trend of fluorescence lifetime (FL) of BPA was observed for [C6MIM]PF6 (4.26 to 3.86 ns) and [C14MIM]PF6 (4.15 to 3.78 ns) with increasing RTIL concentrations in the range of 1–10 mM. The quenching mode was consistent with a static quenching mechanism based on the consistency of FL and FI results. The emission bands of BPA and RTILs did not interfere with each other when RTILs were used as the solvent. The investigated RTILs enhanced the FIs of strongly fluorescing chemicals (12.0 ~ 19.0-fold for norfloxacin and 6.1 ~ 8.5-fold for dansyl chloride), but quenched those of weakly fluorescing chemicals (BPA). These results demonstrate that RTILs have different fluorescent effects on organic chemicals with different fluorophores. The interactions between RTILs and BPA result from many factors in addition to viscosity, such as solvent electrostatic dielectric constant, refractive index, density, polarization and molecular interaction. These results provide a theoretical foundation for application of RTILs in the analysis of weakly fluorescing chemical.

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Acknowledgments

This work was jointly funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21077079), Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LY13B070011, LY13D010006), Key Project of Environmental Protection Department of Zhejiang Province (2012B014), International Cooperation Project of Wenzhou City (H20100053) and Public Benefit Project of Zhejiang Province (2011C37006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325035

    Huili Wang, Yujie Zou, Changli Li, Wenwei Wang & Xuedong Wang

  2. Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Minghua Zhang & Randy A. Dahlgren

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  1. Huili Wang
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  2. Yujie Zou
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  3. Changli Li
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  4. Wenwei Wang
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  5. Minghua Zhang
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  7. Xuedong Wang
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Correspondence to Wenwei Wang or Xuedong Wang.

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Wang, H., Zou, Y., Li, C. et al. Fluorescence Characteristics of Bisphenol A in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids. J Fluoresc 23, 1157–1165 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-013-1246-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-013-1246-2

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