Abstract
In this paper we consider a parametrized family of semi-flows with continuous or discrete time. In the spirit of the global stability result proved by Smith and Waltman (Proc AMS 127:447–453, 1999) we use the upper semi-continuity of a parametrized family of global attractors. Here we investigate the case where the linearized equation of the unperturbed system has a simple dominant eigenvalue 0 in the case of a continuous time system (or 1 in the case of a discrete time system). New difficulties arise since such a system may exhibit a bifurcation. The goal of the paper is to describe the global dynamics of the perturbed system.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anita S.Anita : Analysis and Control of Age-dependent Population Dynamics. Mathematical Modelling: Theory and Applications. Vol. 11. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2000)
Arendt W., Batty C.J.K., Hieber M., Neubrander F.: Vector-Valued Laplace Transforms and Cauchy Problems. Birkhäuser, Basel (2001)
Arino O.: A survey of structured cell populations. Acta Biotheoretica 43, 3–25 (1995)
Babin A.V., Vishik M.I.: Attractors of Evolutionary Equations. North-Holland, Amsterdam (1989)
Cholewa J.W., Dlotko T.: Global Attractors in Abstract Parabolic Problems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)
Cholewa J.W., Hale J.K.: From point dissipativeto compact dissipative- addendum to “some counterexamples in dissipative systems”, Dynamics of Continuous. Discr. Impuls. Syst. Ser. A: Math. Anal. 14, 147–164 (2007)
D’Agata, E.,Magal, P., Ruan, S.,Webb, G.F.: Asymptotic behaviorin nosocomial epidemic models with antibiotic resistance. Differ. Integr. Equ. 19, 573–600 (2006)
Freedman H.I., Ruan S., Tang M.: Uniform persistence and flowsnear a closed positively invariant set. J. Dyn. Differ. Equ. 6, 583–600 (1994)
Gobbino M., Sardella M.: On the connectnedness of attractors for dynamical systems. J. Differ. Equ. 133, 1–14 (1997)
Grabosch A.: Compactness properties and asymptotics of strongly coupled systems. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 187, 411–437 (1994)
Hale J.K.: Asymptotic Behavior of Dissipative Systems, Mathematical Surveys and Monographs 25. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI (1988)
Hale J.K.: Dynamics of numerical approximation. Appl. Math. Comput. 89, 5–15 (1998)
Hale J.K.: Dissipation and attractors. In: Fiedler, Groeger and Sprekels (Eds.) International Conference on Differential Equations, (Berlin 1999), World Scientific (2000)
Hale J.K., Raugel G.: Upper semicontinuity of attractor for singularly perturbed hyperbolic equation. J. Differ. Equ. 73, 197–214 (1988)
Hale J.K., Raugel G.: Lower semicontinuity of attractors of gradient systems and applications. Annali di Mat Pura Appl. (IV)(CLIV), 281–326 (1989)
Hale J.K., Raugel G.: Lower semicontinuity of the attractor for a singularly perturbed hyperbolic equation. J. Dyn. Differ. Equ. 2, 19–67 (1900)
Hale J.K., Raugel G.: Convergence in gradient-likesystems. ZAMP 43, 63–124 (1992)
Hale J.K., Raugel G.: Limits of semigroups depending on parameters. Resenhas 1, 1–45 (1993)
Hale J.K., Waltman P.: Persistence in infinite dimensional systems. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 20, 388–395 (1989)
Hale J.K., Lin X-B., Raugel G.: Upper semicontinuity of attractors for approximations of semigroups and partial differential equations. Math. Comp. 50, 89–123 (1988)
Hirsch M.W., Smith H.L., Zhao X.-Q.: Chain transitivity, attractivity and strong repellors for semi dynamical systems. J. Dyn. Differ. Equ. 13, 107–131 (2001)
Hutson V., Schmitt K.: Permanence and the dynamics of biological systems. Math. Biosci. 111, 293–326 (1992)
Iannelli, M.: Mathematical Theory of Age-structured Population Dynamics. Giadini Editori e stampatori in Pisa (1994)
Kellermann H., Hieber M.: Integrated semigroups. J. Funct. Anal. 84, 160–180 (1989)
Lasalle J.P.: The Stability of Dynamical Systems. SIAM, Philadelphia (1976)
Kostin I.N.: Lower semicontinuity of a non hyperbolic attractor. J. Lond. Math. Soc. II 52, 568–582 (1995)
Liu L., Cohen J.E.: Equilibrium and local stability in alogistic matrix model for age-structured populations. J. Math. Biol. 25, 73–88 (1987)
Magal P.: A uniqueness result for nontrivial steady stateof a density-dependent population dynamics model. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 233, 148–168 (1999)
Magal P.: A global attractivity result for a discrete time system, with application to a density dependent population dynamics models. Nonlinear Stud. 7, 1–22 (2000)
Magal P.: A global stabilization result for a discrete time dynamical system preserving cone. J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 7, 231–253 (2001)
Magal P.: Compact attractors for time-periodic age structured population models. Electron. J. Differ. Equ. 2001, 1–35 (2001)
Magal P., Ruan S.: On integrated semigroups and age structured models in L p spaces. Differ. Integr. Equ. 20, 197–139 (2007)
Magal, P., Ruan, S.: Center Manifolds for Semilinear Equations with Non-dense Domain and Applications on Hopf Bifurcation in Age Structured Models. Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society (2008) (to appear)
Magal P., Thieme H.R.: Eventual compactness for a semiflow generated by an age-structured models. Commun. Pure Appl. Anal. 3, 695–727 (2004)
Magal P., Webb G.F.: Mutation, selection, and recombination in a model of phenotype evolution. Discr. Contin. Dyn. Sys. 6, 221–236 (2000)
Magal P., Zhao X.-Q.: Global attractors and steady states for uniformly persistent dynamical systems. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 37, 251–275 (2005)
Raugel, G.: Dynamics of Partial Differential Equations on Thin Domains. CIME Course, Montecatini Terme, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1609, pp. 208–215. Springer (1995)
Raugel G.: Global attractors in partial differential equations, Handbook of Dynamical Systems, vol. 2. pp.–982. North-Holland, Amsterdam (2002)
Sell G.R., You Y.: Dynamics of Evolutionary Equations. Springer, New York (2002)
Smith H.L., Zhao X.-Q.: Dynamics of a periodically pulsed bio-reactormodel. J. Differ. Equ. 155, 368–404 (1999)
Smith H.L., Zhao X.-Q.: Robust persistence for semidynamical systems. Nonlinear Anal. 47, 6169–6179 (2001)
Smith H.L., Waltman P.: Perturbation of a globally stablesteady state. Proc. AMS 127, 447–453 (1999)
Stuart A.M., Humphries A.R.: Dynamical Systems and Numerical Analysis, Monograph on Applied and Computational Mathematics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1996)
Temam R.: Infinite Dimensional Dynamical Systemsin Mechanics and Physics. Springer, New York (1988)
Thieme H.R.: Semiflows generated by Lipschitz perturbations of non-densely defined operators. Differ. Integr. Equ. 3, 1035–1066 (1990)
Thieme H.R.: Balance exponential growth for perturbed operator semigroups. Adv. Math. Sci. Appl. 10, 775–819 (2000)
Thieme H.R.: Uniform persistence and permanence for non-autonomous semiflows in population biology. Math. Biosci. 166, 173–201 (2000)
Thieme H.R., Castillo-Chavez C.: On the role of variable infectivity in the dynamics of the humanimmunodeficiency virus epidemic, in Mathematical and Statistical Approaches to AIDSEpidemiology. In: Castillo-Chavez, C. (eds) Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, vol. 83, pp. 157–176. Springer, Berlin, New York (1989)
Thieme H.R., Castillo-Chavez C.: How mayinfection-age-dependent infectivity affect the dynamics of HIV/AIDS?. SIAM J. Appl. Math. 53, 1447–1479 (1993)
Vanderbauwhede A.: Invariant manifold in infinite dimensions. In: Chow, S.N., Hale, J.K. (eds) Dynamical of Infinite Dimensional Systems, NATO ASI series, F37, pp. 409–420. Springer, New York (1987)
Vishik M.I.: Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Evolutionary Equations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1992)
Webb, G.F.: Theory of Nonlinear Age-Dependent Population Dynamics. Marcel Dekker (1985)
Webb G.F.: An operator-theoretic exponential growth indifferential equations. Trans. AMS 303, 751–763 (1987)
Zhao X.-Q.: Uniform persistence and periodic coexistencestates in infinite-dimensional periodic semiflows with applications. Can. Appl. Math. Q. 3, 473–495 (1995)
Zhao X.-Q.: Dynamical Systems in Population Biology. Springer, New York (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Magal, P. Perturbation of a Globally Stable Steady State and Uniform Persistence. J Dyn Diff Equat 21, 1–20 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10884-008-9127-0
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10884-008-9127-0