Abstract
The problem studied in this paper is elective surgery scheduling, with resource constraints in each of the three following stages: preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative stages. With the integrated availability of hospital beds in wards and operating rooms, the aim is to determine operation start times of surgeries and allocate the hospital beds to patients while getting patients treated as soon as possible. This task is crucial in providing timely treatments for the patients while ensuring the hospital’s resource utilization balance. For the problem, we first formulate it as mixed-integer programming, which is NP-complete. Then, we propose several heuristics to overcome the long computation time. To make the solution better, we also propose improved algorithms. Finally, we conduct a series of numerical studies to illustrate the efficiency of our proposed algorithms and examine the impact of the number of jobs, beds, and surgery blocks on the performance measure. Computational experiments showed the superior performance of our heuristics in makespan.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Adan IJBF, Vissers JMH (2002) Patient mix optimisation in hospital admission planning: a case study. Int J Op Oroduction Manag 22(4):445–461
Barz C, Rajaram K (2015) Elective patient admission and scheduling under multiple resource constraints. Prod Oper Manag 24(12):1907–1930
Bastos LSL, Marchesi JF, Hamacher S, Fleck JL (2019) A mixed integer programming approach to the patient admission scheduling problem. Eur J Op Res 273(3):831–840
Behmanesh R, Zandieh M (2019) Surgical case scheduling problem with fuzzy surgery time: an advanced bi-objective ant system approach. Knowl-Based Syst 186:104913
Beliën J, Demeulemeester E (2007) Building cyclic master surgery schedules with leveled resulting bed occupancy. Eur J Oper Res 176(2):1185–1204
Belkhamsa M, Jarboui B, Masmoudi M (2018) Two metaheuristics for solving no-wait operating room surgery scheduling problem under various resource constraints. Comput Ind Eng 126:494–506
Blake JT, Carter MW (2002) A goal programming approach to strategic resource allocation in acute care hospitals. Eur J Op Res 140(3):541–561
Braglia M, Petroni A (1999) Data envelopment analysis for dispatching rule selection. Prod Plan Control 10(5):454–461
Cappanera P, Visintin F, Banditori C (2014) Comparing resource balancing criteria in master surgical scheduling: a combined optimisation-simulation approach. Int J Prod Econ 158:179–196
Castro PM, Marques I (2015) Operating room scheduling with generalized disjunctive programming. Comput Op Res 64:262–273
Ceschia S, Schaerf A (2011) Local search and lower bounds for the patient admission scheduling problem. Comput Op Res 38(10):1452–1463
Ceschia S, Schaerf A (2016) Dynamic patient admission scheduling with operating room constraints, flexible horizons, and patient delays. J Sched 19(4):377–389
Dehua X, Sun K, Li H (2008) Parallel machine scheduling with almost periodic maintenance and non-preemptive jobs to minimize makespan. Comput Oper Res 35(4):1344–1349
Dellaert N, Jeunet J (2017) A variable neighborhood search algorithm for the surgery tactical planning problem. Comput Oper Res 84:216–225
Demeester P, Souffriau W, De Causmaecker P, Berghe GV (2010) A hybrid tabu search algorithm for automatically assigning patients to beds. Artif Intell Med 48(1):61–70
Denton B, Viapiano J, Vogl A (2007) Optimization of surgery sequencing and scheduling decisions under uncertainty. Health Care Manag Sci 10(1):13–24
Erdogan SA, Denton BT, Cochran JJ, Cox LA, Keskinocak P, Kharoufeh J, Smith J (2011) Surgery planning and scheduling. In: Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2011
Erdogan SA, Gose A, Denton BT (2015) Online appointment sequencing and scheduling. IIE Trans 47(11):1267–1286
Fei H, Meskens N, Chu C (2010) A planning and scheduling problem for an operating theatre using an open scheduling strategy. Comput Ind Eng 58(2):221–230
Guerriero F, Guido R (2011) Operational research in the management of the operating theatre: a survey. Health Care Manag Sci 14(1):89–114
Guido R, Conforti D (2017) A hybrid genetic approach for solving an integrated multi-objective operating room planning and scheduling problem. Comput Oper Res 87:270–282
Hamid M, Nasiri MM, Werner F, Sheikhahmadi F, Zhalechian M (2019) Operating room scheduling by considering the decision-making styles of surgical team members: a comprehensive approach. Comput Oper Res 108:166–181
Harper PR (2002) A framework for operational modelling of hospital resources. Health Care Manag Sci 5(3):165–173
Hof S, Fügener A, Schoenfelder J, Brunner JO (2017) Case mix planning in hospitals: a review and future agenda. Health Care Manag Sci 20(2):207–220
Holm LB, Lurås H, Dahl FA (2013) Improving hospital bed utilisation through simulation and optimisation: with application to a 40% increase in patient volume in a norwegian general hospital. Int J Med Inform 82(2):80–89
Hoon Lee Y, Bhaskaran K, Pinedo M (1997) A heuristic to minimize the total weighted tardiness with sequence-dependent setups. IIE Trans 29(1):45–52
Hosseini N, Taaffe KM (2015) Allocating operating room block time using historical caseload variability. Health Care Manag Sci 18(4):419–430
Hughes WL, Soliman SY (1985) Short-term case mix management with linear programming. Hospital Health Serv Adm 30(1):52–60
Huiqiao S, Pinedo M, Wan G (2017) Parallel machine scheduling with eligibility constraints: a composite dispatching rule to minimize total weighted tardiness. Naval Res Logist (NRL) 64(3):249–267
Hulshof PJH, Kortbeek N, Boucherie RJ, Hans EW, Bakker PJM (2012) Taxonomic classification of planning decisions in health care: a structured review of the state of the art in or/ms. Health Systms 1(2):129–175
Jebali A, Hadj Alouane AB, Ladet P (2006) Operating rooms scheduling. Int J Prod Econ 99(1–2):52–62
Lane DC, Monefeldt C, Rosenhead JV (2000) Looking in the wrong place for healthcare improvements: a system dynamics study of an accident and emergency department. J Oper Res Soc 51:518–531
Macario A, Vitez TS, Dunn B, McDonald T (1995) Where are the costs in perioperative care?: Analysis of hospital costs and charges for inpatient surgical care. J Am Soc Anesthesiol 83(6):1138–1144
Mahdi Nasiri M, Rahvar M (2017) A two-step multi-objective mathematical model for nurse scheduling problem considering nurse preferences and consecutive shifts. Int J Serv Oper Manag 27(1):83–101
Mannino C, Nilssen EJ, Nordlander TE (2012) A pattern based, robust approach to cyclic master surgery scheduling. J Sched 15(5):553–563
Marchesi JF, Pacheco MAC (2016) A genetic algorithm approach for the master surgical schedule problem. In: 2016 IEEE Conference on Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS), pp 17–21. IEEE, 2016
Marques I, Captivo ME, Pato MV (2014) Scheduling elective surgeries in a portuguese hospital using a genetic heuristic. Oper Res Health Care 3(2):59–72
Michael LP (2018) Scheduling: theory, algorithms, and systems. Springer, Berlin
Moosavi A, Ebrahimnejad S (2020) Robust operating room planning considering upstream and downstream units: a new two-stage heuristic algorithm. Comput Ind Eng 143:106387
Ni C, Zhi-hui Z, Jun Z, Ou L, Hai-lin L (2010) A genetic algorithm for the optimization of admission scheduling strategy in hospitals. In: IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, pp 1–5. IEEE
Penn ML, Potts CN, Harper PR (2017) Multiple criteria mixed-integer programming for incorporating multiple factors into the development of master operating theatre timetables. Eur J Oper Res 262(1):194–206
Pham D-N, Klinkert A (2008) Surgical case scheduling as a generalized job shop scheduling problem. Eur J Oper Res 185(3):1011–1025
Roshanaei V, Booth KEC, Aleman DM, Urbach DR, Beck JC (2020) Branch-and-check methods for multi-level operating room planning and scheduling. Int J Prod Econ 220:107433
Salma M, Said K, Abderrahman A, Ahmed EH, Alaoui (2022) A two-stage robust optimization approach for the master surgical schedule problem under uncertainty considering downstream resources. Health Care Manag Sci 25(1):63–88
Santos D, Marques I (2022) Designing master surgery schedules with downstream unit integration via stochastic programming. Eur J Oper Res 299(3):834–852
Saremi A, Jula P, Elmekkawy T, Wang GG (2013) Appointment scheduling of outpatient surgical services in a multistage operating room department. Int J Prod Econ 141(2):646–658
Testi A, Tànfani E (2009) Tactical and operational decisions for operating room planning: efficiency and welfare implications. Health Care Manag Sci 12(4):363–373
Testi A, Tanfani E, Torre G (2007) A three-phase approach for operating theatre schedules. Health Care Manag Sci 10(2):163–172
Vairaktarakis GL, Cai X (2003) The value of processing flexibility in multipurpose machines. IIE Trans 35(8):763–774
Vanberkel PT, Boucherie RJ, Hans EW, Hurink JL, Van Lent WAM, Van Harten WH (2011) An exact approach for relating recovering surgical patient workload to the master surgical schedule. J Oper Res Soc 62(10):1851–1860
Vancroonenburg W, De Causmaecker P, Vanden Berghe G (2012) Patient-to-room assignment planning in a dynamic context. In: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on the practice and theory of automated timetabling (PATAT-2012), pp 193–208. Citeseer
Vepsalainen APJ, Morton TE (1987) Priority rules for job shops with weighted tardiness costs. Manag Sci 33(8):1035–1047
Vissers JMH, Adan IJBF, Bekkers JA (2005) Patient mix optimization in tactical cardiothoracic surgery planning: a case study. IMA J Manag Math 16(3):281–304
Vissers JMH, Adan IJBF, Dellaert NP (2007) Developing a platform for comparison of hospital admission systems: an illustration. Eur J Oper Res 180(3):1290–1301
Wang S, Huiqiao S, Wan G (2015) Resource-constrained machine scheduling with machine eligibility restriction and its applications to surgical operations scheduling. J Comb Optim 30(4):982–995
Wayne Meredith J, High KP, Freischlag JA (2020) Preserving elective surgeries in the covid-19 pandemic and the future. Jama 324(17):1725–1726
Xiang W, Yin J, Lim G (2015) An ant colony optimization approach for solving an operating room surgery scheduling problem. Comput Ind Eng 85:335–345
Yu H, Li J, Chen X, Niu W, Sang H (2022) An improved multi-objective imperialist competitive algorithm for surgical case scheduling problem with switching and preparation times. Clust Comput 25:1–26
Zhong L, Luo S, Lidong W, Lin X, Yang J, Tang G (2014) A two-stage approach for surgery scheduling. J Comb Optim 27(3):545–556
Zhu T, Luo L, Shen W, Xu X, Kou R (2020) Admission scheduling of inpatients by considering two inter-related resources: beds and operating rooms. Optimization 71:1–39
Funding
Zhaohui Li is supported in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation GZC20230378 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China 72301055. Haiyue Yu is supported in part by National Health Commission Hospital Management Institute Healthcare Quality (Evidence-Based) Management Research Project YLZLXZ23H004, Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center Healthcare Management Project SHDC12023628, and Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Project of Shanghai Medical Innovation & Development Foundation WL-HBQN-2022019K.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
No potential Conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Z., Yu, H. & Zhou, Z. Scheduling of elective operations with coordinated utilization of hospital beds and operating rooms. J Comb Optim 47, 75 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10878-024-01167-1
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10878-024-01167-1