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Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized and Stabilized by Fungal Extract Exhibit Enhanced Bioactivity

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Abstract

Selenium has many beneficial bioactive properties yet has a narrow therapeutic window. This problem can be addressed by selenium in nanoform or selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). There are several chemical and physical approaches that can be employed for the synthesis of SeNPs. However, the biological route for SeNP synthesis is known to be more eco-friendly, economical, and biocompatible when assessing bioactivities. The present study demonstrates a biological approach that effectively facilitates the synthesis and stabilization of SeNPs with the help of secondary metabolites derived from endophytic fungi N. guilinensis i.e., NL(C)-SeNPs. The nanoparticles formed were characterized via various techniques i.e., UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, DLS, and TEM. The synthesized NL(C)-SeNPs were spherical with a size of 55 ± 7.0 nm. These capped SeNPs (NL(C)-SeNPs) show prominent bioactivity in terms of in-vitro anti-oxidant properties and anti-microbial activity on Escherichia coli, Enterobacter faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activity on Aspergillus niger and Fusarium laterium. The results indicated NL(C)-SeNPs portray increased potential anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, their anti-cancer activity on the HepG2 cell line was also observed in a dose-dependent manner. However, additional studies related to the toxicity and synergistic effects of SeNPs, are required before their therapeutic applications

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Data Availability

Data will be available on request.

Abbreviations

SeNPs:

Selenium nanoparticles

NL(C):

Fungal extract of endophytic fungal strain N. guilinensis isolated from Nerium oleander

NL(C)-SeNPs:

NL(C) capped selenium nanoparticles

TPC:

Total phenolic content

TFC:

Total flavanoid content

DLS:

Dynamic light scattering

TEM:

Transmission electron microscope

EDX:

Energy-dispersive x-ray

FTIR:

Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffractometer

ABTS:

2,2′-Azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid

DPPH:

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

MIC:

Minimum inhibitory concentration

MFC:

Minimum fungicidal concentration

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Acknowledgments

HM and NTP acknowledge the funding received from DST (DST/INT/JSPS/P-336/2021) and JSPS (JPJSBP120217716) under India-Japan Science Cooperation Program. NTP also acknowledges the support by the Centre of Excellence on Emerging Materials (CEEMS), TIET and SAI Labs, TIET Patiala, India for the seed-grant support and analytical services, respectively. The authors acknowledge the support given by Dr. B.N.Chudasama, Professor, Physics, in interpretation of data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India

    Anmol Singh & Ranjana Prakash

  2. Department of Applied Microbiology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India

    Sumit Kumar Jaiswal

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan

    Hisaaki Mihara

  4. School of Energy and Environment, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India

    Nagaraja Tejo Prakash

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  1. Anmol Singh
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  2. Sumit Kumar Jaiswal
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Contributions

AS carried out the entire experimental work with valuable suggestions and layouts from SKJ.

RP was involved in the planning and execution of the experimental work.

HM and NTP collaborated in conceptualizing the study and were funded to carry out the study.

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Correspondence to Nagaraja Tejo Prakash.

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Singh, A., Jaiswal, S.K., Prakash, R. et al. Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized and Stabilized by Fungal Extract Exhibit Enhanced Bioactivity. J Clust Sci (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-024-02600-5

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