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Horizontal distribution of nematode communities in a seasonally-hypoxic enclosed sea (Omura Bay, Japan)

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Abstract

Habitat heterogeneity is one of the major factors shaping community structure and diversity of many fauna. The present study aimed to reveal the influence of habitat heterogeneity on the nematode community structures and diversity in a seasonally hypoxic bay (Omura Bay of Nagasaki in Western Kyushu, Japan). The severity of hypoxia varies typically along north–south axis of the bay, which is intensified southwardly. Nematode abundance and diversity were highest in the northern site than the other sites, and nematode communities were clustered into three groups by sampling site. There were significant differences in composition (Two-way ANOSIM, Rho = 0.726, p < 0.05) and in feeding types (Two-way ANOSIM, Rho = 0.589, p < 0.05) among the groups. Organic matter content alone was the best predictor for the shift in nematode compositions (BIOENV procedure, Correlation = 0.666, p < 0.05), whereas the combination of salinity and DO correlated well with the shift in nematode feeding types (Correlation = 0.568, p < 0.05). These findings strongly suggest that the diversity and the structures of nematode assemblages were strongly affected by the habitat heterogeneity in terms of seasonal DO availability, salinity change and persistent food availability (organic carbon accumulation) over the surface sediment of the bay.

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Acknowledgements

This study was partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant numbers, JP17H03854 and JP18K19236), MEXT, Japan. We thank the help provided by Dr. S. Takeuchi and Dr. F. Mori with the grain size analyses. We would like to thank Dr. S. Takeda for valuable advice on Chlorophyll a concentration measurement. Finally, the authors appreciate the editor and anonymous reviewers whose valuable comments improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan

    Quyen T. D. Nguyen & Minoru Wada

  2. Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, (49111) 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan Metropolitan City, South Korea

    Dongsung Kim

  3. Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment and Disaster Management, Kumamoto University, 2–39–1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860–8555, Japan

    Motohiro Shimanaga

  4. Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan

    Jun Uchida, Takashi Aoshima & Minoru Wada

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  1. Quyen T. D. Nguyen
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  2. Dongsung Kim
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  3. Motohiro Shimanaga
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  4. Jun Uchida
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  5. Takashi Aoshima
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  6. Minoru Wada
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Correspondence to Minoru Wada.

Electronic supplementary material

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10872_2020_558_MOESM1_ESM.pptx

Supplementary material 1 (PPTX 84 kb) Fig. S1 Shannon and Simpson indexes of nematode diversity at the four sampling sites of Omura Bay between June and October in 2017. Hypoxic months were underlined to separate from normoxic ones

Supplementary material 2 (XLSX 26 kb)

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Nguyen, Q.T.D., Kim, D., Shimanaga, M. et al. Horizontal distribution of nematode communities in a seasonally-hypoxic enclosed sea (Omura Bay, Japan). J Oceanogr 76, 479–489 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-020-00558-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-020-00558-2

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