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Surface topography of polylactic acid nanofibrous mats: influence on blood compatibility

  • Biomaterials Synthesis and Characterization
  • Original Research
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Abstract

Fabricating nanofibrous scaffolds with robust blood compatibility remains an unmet challenge for cardiovascular applications since anti-thrombogenic surface coatings did not withstand physiological shear force. Hence, the present study envisages the influence of smooth and porous topographies of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers on hemocompatibility as it could offer time-independent blood compatibility. Further, recent studies have evolved to integrate various contrasting agents for augmenting the prognostic properties of tissue engineered scaffolds; an attempt was also made to synthesize Curcumin–superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle complex (Cur–SPION) as a contrasting agent and impregnated into PLA nanofibers for evaluating the blood compatibility. Herein, electrospun nanofibers of PLA with different topographies (smooth and porous) were fabricated and characterized for surface morphology, zeta potential, fluorescence, and crystallinity. The scaffolds with smooth, porous and rough surface topographies were thoroughly investigated for its hemocompatibility by evaluating hemolysis percentage, platelet adhesion, in vitro kinetic clotting time, serum protein adsorption, plasma recalcification time (PRT), capture and release of erythrocytes. Although the nanofibers of all three groups showed acceptable hemolytic percentage (HP < 5%), the adhered RBCs on Cur–SPION based fibers undergo morphological transformation from biconcave discocytes to echinocytes with cube-like protrusions. On the contrary, no morphological changes were observed in RBCs cultured on smooth and porous nanofibers. Porous fibers exhibited excellent anti-thrombogenic property and adhered lesser platelets and maintained the discoidal morphology of native platelets. Cur–SPION integrated PLA nanofibers showed inactivated platelets with anti-thrombogenic activity compared to smooth nanofibers. In conclusion, PLA nanofibers porous topography did not affect the RBC membrane integrity and maintained discoidal morphology of platelets with superior anti-thrombogenic activity. However, smooth and Cur–SPION integrated PLA nanofibers were found to activate the platelets and deform the RBC membrane integrity, respectively. Hence, the nanofibers with porous structures provide an ideal topography for time-independent hemocompatibility.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge SASTRA Deemed University for infrastructural support and all the funding agencies for their financial support.

Author’s contributions

AS and JR optimized smooth and porous nanofibers. JMR, AM and SK developed Cur–SPION and Cur–SPION nanofibers. RD performed analysis and wrote the manuscript. SS and AS conceived and designed experiments.

Funding

Authors are thankful to Nano Mission (SR/NM/PG-04/2015) and the FIST program (SR/FST/ST/LSI-453/2010) of the Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India for their financial support. One of the authors JR is thankful to Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE), DST, India for Senior Research Fellowship (IF120692).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India

    Abiramy Soundararajan, Jyorthana Muralidhar R., Ramya Dhandapani, Janani Radhakrishnan, Amrutha Manigandan, Sivashankari Kalyanasundaram, Swaminathan Sethuraman & Anuradha Subramanian

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  1. Abiramy Soundararajan
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  2. Jyorthana Muralidhar R.
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  3. Ramya Dhandapani
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  4. Janani Radhakrishnan
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  5. Amrutha Manigandan
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  6. Sivashankari Kalyanasundaram
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  7. Swaminathan Sethuraman
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  8. Anuradha Subramanian
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Correspondence to Anuradha Subramanian.

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Soundararajan, A., Muralidhar R., J., Dhandapani, R. et al. Surface topography of polylactic acid nanofibrous mats: influence on blood compatibility. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 29, 145 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-018-6153-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-018-6153-2

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