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Preparation and optimization of calcium fluoride particles for dental applications

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Abstract

Fluorides are used in dental care due to their beneficial effect in tooth enamel de-/remineralization cycles. To achieve a desired constant supply of soluble fluorides in the oral cavity, different approaches have been followed. Here we present results on the preparation of CaF2 particles and their characterization with respect to a potential application as enamel associated fluoride releasing reservoirs. CaF2 particles were synthesized by precipitation from soluble NaF and CaCl2 salt solutions of defined concentrations and their morphology analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. CaF2 particles with defined sizes and shapes could be synthesized by adjusting the concentrations of the precursor salt solutions. Such particles interacted with enamel surfaces when applied at fluoride concentrations correlating to typical dental care products. Fluoride release from the synthesized CaF2 particles was observed to be largely influenced by the concentration of phosphate in the solution. Physiological solutions with phosphate concentration similar to saliva (3.5 mM) reduced the fluoride release from pure CaF2 particles by a factor of 10–20 × as compared to phosphate free buffer solutions. Fluoride release was even lower in human saliva. The fluoride release could be increased by the addition of phosphate in substoichiometric amounts during CaF2 particle synthesis. The presented results demonstrate that the morphology and fluoride release characteristics of CaF2 particles can be tuned and provide evidence of the suitability of synthetic CaF2 particles as enamel associated fluoride reservoirs.

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Acknowledgments

The Swiss Nanoscience Institute and the University of Bern (Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry) financed the research presented here. The support from the members of the research groups of Prof. U. Pieles and Prof. A. Lussi is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gruendenstrasse 40, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland

    Joachim Koeser & Uwe Pieles

  2. Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland

    Joachim Koeser, Thiago Saads Carvalho & Adrian Lussi

Authors
  1. Joachim Koeser
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  2. Thiago Saads Carvalho
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  3. Uwe Pieles
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  4. Adrian Lussi
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Correspondence to Joachim Koeser.

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Koeser, J., Carvalho, T.S., Pieles, U. et al. Preparation and optimization of calcium fluoride particles for dental applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 25, 1671–1677 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-014-5200-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-014-5200-x

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