Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Preparation, crystal structure and physicochemical characterization of a semi-organic l-glutamic acid lithium chloride single crystal for nonlinear optical applications

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An l-glutamic acid lithium chloride (LGLC) semi-organic nonlinear optical crystal has been grown using a slow evaporation process. Single-crystal XRD investigations confirmed the orthorhombic crystal system of the LGLC crystal. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to find and confirm the presence of important functional groups in the synthesized crystal. A UV–Vis–NIR transmission spectrum in the 200–1100 nm band was used to characterize the crystal. Compared to the standard reference crystal KDP, the LGLC crystal’s SHG efficiency was 1.21 times greater. According to the TG–DTA results, the thermal stability of LGLC is 215 °C. A photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis documented the electron excitation in the grown crystal. The grown crystal surface characteristics were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ(3) = 2.154 × 10–8 of LGLC grown crystal was utilized to estimate the values for third-order NLO characteristics and its suitability in NLO applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The research data policy and data availability are not shared with anyone before publication.

References

  1. M. Sethuram, G. Bhargavi, M.V. Rajasehakaran, M. Dhandapani, G. Amirthaganesan, Synthesis, crystal growth and characterisation of 2-aminomethylpyridinium picrate (2-AMPP)—a charge transfer molecular complex and organic nonlinear optical material. Optik 125, 55–60 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. S.E.A. Moses, S.M.R. Kumar, T.A. Hegde, Crystal engineering and physicochemical properties of l-threoninium succinate (LTS) single crystal for frequency conversion applications. J. Mater. Sci. 31, 21097–21107 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  3. R. Subaranjani, J. Madhavan, S. Prathap, M.V.A. Raj, Studies on growth and characterization of nonlinear optical single crystal L-histidine Di Picrate. Mater. Today Proc. 8(1), 456 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. H. Nalini, V.C. Vincent, G. Bakiyaraj, K. Kirubavathi, K. Selvaraju, Structural, optical, laser damage, NLO and theoretical analysis of l-histidine l-aspartate monohydrate crystals. Physica B 592, 412245 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. R.V. Rajan, M. George, J. Alex, D. Sajan, G. Vinitha, Growth, effect of protonation and hydrogen bonding interactions of l-histidine nitrate monohydrate, a potential semi organic third order nonlinear optical material. Opt. Mater. 86, 198 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S.E.A. Moses, S. Tamilselvan, S.M.R. Kumar, J. Johnson, Synthesis, growth and characterization of semi-organic nonlinear optical l-threnoninum sodium fluoride (LTSF) crystal for photonics application. Chin. J. Phys. 58, 294–302 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. R. Sathyalakshmi, G. Bhagavannarayana, P. Ramasamy, Growth and characterization of a new NLO material: l-glutamic acid hydro bromide [l-GluHBr]. Mater. Res. Bull. 44, 1097–1101 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. S.E.A. Moses, S. Tamilselvan, S.M.R. Kumar, G. Vinitha, T.A. Hegde, G.J.S. Sundar, M. Vimalan, S. Sivaraj, Crystal structure, spectroscopic, thermal, mechanical, linear optical, second order and third order nonlinear optical properties of semiorganic crystal: l-threoninium phosphate (LTP). J. Mater. Sci. 30, 9003–9014 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  9. M.P. Mohamed, S. Sudha, P. Jayaprakash, G. Vinitha, M. Nageshwari, P. Sangeetha, C.R.T. Kumari, M.L. Caroline, Growth and characterization of l-histidinium fumarate fumaric acid monohydrate single crystal: a promising second and third order nonlinear optical material. Chin. J. Phys. 60, 581 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. B. Thilagarajeswari, P. Sathya, P. Dhanasekaran, S. Meyvel, V. Vijayalakshmi, J. Arthi, Growth and characterisation of thiosemicarbazide hydrochloride single crystals for optoelectronic and photonics device applications. Optik 215, 164746 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. L.K. Joy, M. George, J. Alex, A. Aravind, D. Sajan, G. Vinitha, Twisted intramolecular charge transfer investigation of semi organic l-Glutamic acid hydrochloride single crystal for organic light-emitting and optical limiting applications. J. Mol. Struct. 1156, 733 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. R. BairavaGanesh, V. Kannan, R. Sathyalakshmi, P. Ramasamy, The growth of l-glutamic acid hydrochloride crystals by Sankaranarayanan-Ramasamy (SR) method. Mater. Lett. 61(3), 706 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. R.V. Rajan, M. George, D.R. Leenaraj, R. Ittyachan, D. Sajan, G. Vinitha, Growth, Z-scan and density functional theoretical study for investigating the nonlinear optical properties of guanidinium l-glutamate for optical limiting applications. J. Mol. Struct. 1222, 128937 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. S.E.A. Moses, S. Tamilselvan, S.M.R. Kumar, G. Vinitha, T.A. Hegde, M. Vimalan, Investigations on synthesis, growth and physicochemical properties of new organic third order nonlinear optical crystal: l-threnonium tartarate (LTT). J. Mater. Sci. Energy Technol 2, 565–574 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. Senthamizhan, K. Sambathkumar, S. Nithiyanantham, Physico-chemical, structural, optical and NLO studies on pure and La3+ doped l-arginine acetate crystals. Mater. Sci. Energy Technol. 3, 282 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. K. Selvaraju, K. Kirubavathi, N. Vijayayan, S. Kumararaman, Synthesis, growth, structural, spectroscopic, optical, thermal and mechanical studies of a semi-organic nonlinear optical crystal: l-glutamic acid hydrochloride. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 23(6), 861 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. P. Dhanasekaran, K. Srinivasan, Studies on the growth, structural, thermal, mechanical and optical properties of the semiorganic nonlinear optical crystal l-glutamic acid hydrobromide. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 74, 934 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. S. Chennakrishnan, S.M.R. Kumar, C. Shanthi, R. Srineevasan, T. Kubendiran, D. Sivavishnu, M.P. Raj, Synthesis of the semi-organic nonlinear optical crystal l-glutamic acid zinc chloride and investigation of its growth and physiochemical properties. J. Taibah Univ. Sci. 11, 955 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Satyalakshmi, V. Kannan, R.B. Ganesh, P. Ramaswamy, Synthesis, growth and characterization of single crystals of pure and thiourea doped l-glutamic acid hydrochloride. Cryst. Res. Technol. 42, 78 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. V. Siva, S.A. Bahadur, A. Shameem, S. Athimoolam, K.U. Lakshmi, G. Vinitha, Synthesis, structural, vibrational, thermal, dielectric and optical properties of third order nonlinear optical single crystal for optical power limiting applications. J. Mol. Struct. 1191, 110–117 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. R.J. Mani, P. Selvarajan, H.A. Devadoss, D. Shanthi, Second-order, third-order NLO and other properties of l-Alanine crystals admixture with perchloric acid (LAPA). Optik 126, 213–218 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. D. Dastan, Nanostructured anatase titania thin films prepared by sol-gel dip coating technique. J. Atom. Mol. Condens. Nano Phys. 2, 109–114 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. P. Jayaprakash, M.P. Mohamed, P. Krishnan, M. Nageswari, G. Mani, M.L. Caroline, Growth, spectral, thermal, laser damage threshold, microhardness, dielectric, linear and nonlinear optical properties of an organic single crystal: l-phenylalanine dl-mandelic acid. Physica B 503, 25–31 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. S.K. Kurtz, T.T. Perry, A powder technique for the evaluation of nonlinear optical materials. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 3798 (1968)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. R. Hanumantharao, S. Kalainathan, Growth and spectroscopic investigation of a new crystal for NLO applications: C10H20KN5O9. Spectrochim. Acta Part A 99, 181 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. K. Selvaraju, K. Kirubavathi, N. Vijayan, S. Kumararaman, Synthesis, growth, structural, spectroscopic, optical, thermal and mechanical studies of a semi-organic nonlinear optical crystal: l-glutamic acid hydrochloride. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 23, 861–869 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Uma, V. Rajendran, Studies on the growth, optical, thermal and mechanical properties of l-glutamic acid hydrobromide single crystals. Optik 126, 3652–3655 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. C. Shanthi, P. Jayaprakash, P. Sagayaraj, T. Kubendiren, R. Ravisankar, Crystal growth and physico-chemical characterization of a semi-organic l-glutamic acid manganese chloride single crystal for nonlinear optical applications. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 33, 18124–18133 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. D. Dastan, Effect of preparation methods on the properties of titania nanoparticles: solvothermal versus sol–gel. Appl. Phys. A 123, 699 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. I.E. Devakirubai, S.M.R. Kumar, S.E.A. Moses, R. Gunaseelan, Probing optical (2nd and 3rd order), mechanical and thermal traits of l-arginine hydrochloride monohydrate (LAHCM) NLO crystal for optoelectronics device applications. Mater. Today 50, 2802–2807 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  31. M. Saravanan, A. Senthil, S. AbrahamRajaseka, N. Vijayan, Effects of semi-organic additives on the solubility, growth, optical, thermal, mechanical, dielectric and NLO behaviors of ADP crystals for optoelectronic applications. Optik 127, 1463–1470 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. K. Suresh, P. Jayaprakash, K. Thillaivelavan, R. Ravisankar, Synthesis, growth and investigation of an efficient nonlinear optical single crystal: glycine sodium fluoride. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 34, 1986 (2023)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. E. Raju, P. Jayaprakash, G. Vinitha, N.S. Devi, S. Kumaresan, Growth and characterization of 2-aminopyridinium malonate single crystal for photonic device applications. J. Mater. Sci. 32, 21155–21163 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. P. Jayaprakash, M.L. Caroline, S. Sudha, R. Ravisankar, G. Vinitha, P. Ramesh, E. Raju, Synthesis, growth, optical and third order nonlinear optical properties of l-phenylalanine d-mandelic acid single crystal for photonic device applications. J. Mater. Sci. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04565-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. M. Nageshwari, P. Jayaprakash, C.R.T. Kumari, G. Vinitha, M.L. Caroline, Growth, spectral, linear and nonlinear optical characteristics of an efficient semiorganic acentric crystal: l-valinium l-valine chloride. Physica B 511, 1–9 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are highly acknowledged by SAIF at IIT Madras for single crystal measurement and thankful to Dr. G. Vinitha, VIT Chennai, for Z-scan studies.

Funding

The authors have not disclosed any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics, Kalaignar Karunanidhi Government Arts College, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, 606603, India

    C. Shanthi & R. Ravisankar

  2. Department of Physics, St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology, OMR, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India

    P. Jayaprakash

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology, OMR, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India

    P. Ravichandran

Authors
  1. C. Shanthi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. Jayaprakash
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R. Ravisankar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. P. Ravichandran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

This paper was prepared by the author's contributions. The first author (C.S) prepared the compound and drafted the work. The second author (P.J) reviewed the paper. The third author (R.R) revised the paper for publication and the fourth author (P.R) did the experimental part.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Ravisankar.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

This paper does not have any competing interests.

Ethical approval

This paper does not have any ethical statement, and this work does not involve any conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Shanthi, C., Jayaprakash, P., Ravisankar, R. et al. Preparation, crystal structure and physicochemical characterization of a semi-organic l-glutamic acid lithium chloride single crystal for nonlinear optical applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 955 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12709-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12709-y

Search

Navigation