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Organic dye sequestration using Graphene Oxide–Activated Carbon (GOAC) composite unaided by linker molecule

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Abstract

This research centres on crafting an environmentally sustainable and cost-efficient nanocomposite tailored for chemical adsorption applications. Employing a one-step synthesis approach, we successfully developed a Graphene Oxide-Activated Carbon (GOAC) composite that meets these criteria. Graphene oxide aggregates in water. We strategically introduced activated carbon (AC) through a facile synthesis route to overcome this issue. The GOAC composite was characterized using XRD, FESEM, Raman spectroscopy, TGA, BET, FTIR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. In this study, maintaining the structural integrity of constituent materials is a crucial element that guarantees the efficacy of adsorption. The GOAC composite demonstrated exceptional thermal stability, amplifying its prospects for practical applications. In adsorption studies, the composite exhibited notable efficacy in removing the cationic organic dye methylene blue. This removal resulted in a remarkable maximum adsorption capacity of 272 mg/g, achieved in just 14 min. The observed adsorption behaviour aligned with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This study highlights the successful development of a versatile nanocomposite with promising attributes for environmental remediation. Combining graphene oxide and activated carbon addresses agglomeration challenges and imparts structural stability and high thermal resilience to the composite, making it a compelling candidate for cost-effective and efficient adsorption-driven applications.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology & Environment—SRS Project 107/2016. Both authors thank the Central Sophisticated Instrumentation Facility (CSIF), University of Calicut, Kerala, for providing FESEM facilities. The authors would also like to thank FIST2 (DST, Government of India) for providing the X-ray diffraction facility and UGC-SAP for the microRaman facility in the Department of Physics, University of Calicut.

Funding

This work was supported by the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment-SRS Project 107/2016. The authors would also like to thank UGC-SAP and FIST2 (DST, Government of India) for providing the research facilities in the Department of Physics, University of Calicut.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673635, India

    Aruna Unnikrishnan & Libu K. Alexander

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  1. Aruna Unnikrishnan
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  2. Libu K. Alexander
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Aruna Unnikrishnan contributed towards conceptualization; data curation; investigation; methodology; validation; visualization; formal analysis; and roles/writing—original draft. Libu K. Alexander contributed towards conceptualization; funding acquisition; supervision; methodology; validation; and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Libu K. Alexander.

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Unnikrishnan, A., Alexander, L.K. Organic dye sequestration using Graphene Oxide–Activated Carbon (GOAC) composite unaided by linker molecule. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 417 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12230-2

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