Abstract
A novel series of oxyfluoride rock salt-structured Li3+xMgNbO5Fx (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.25) ceramic specimens were prepared via a solid-state reaction route. The phase composition, microstructures, and microwave dielectric properties of the samples were investigated. The chemical bond theory was employed to reveal the composition dependence of the microwave dielectric properties of the Li3+xMgNbO5Fx samples. The optimal microwave dielectric properties of εr = 16.1, Q × f = 79200 GHz, τf=-40.8 ppm/°C were obtained in the specimen with x = 0.75 when sintered at 900℃. Additionally, the Li3.75MgNbO5F0.75 ceramics showed excellent chemical compatibility with Ag electrodes, which suggests that the present samples are promising candidate materials for low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) applications.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
References
I.S. Ghosh, A. Hilgers, T. Schlenker, R. Porath, Ceramic microwave antennas for mobile applications. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 21, 2621 (2001)
M.T. Sebastian, Dielectric Materials for Wireless Communication (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2008)
B. Liu, K. Sha, Y.Q. Jia, Y.H. Huang, C.C. Hu, L. Li, D.W. Wang, D. Zhou, K.X. Song, High quality factor cold sintered LiF ceramics for microstrip patch antenna applications. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 41, 4835 (2021)
M.T. Sebastian, H. Jantunen, Low loss dielectric materials for LTCC applications: a review. Int. Mater. Rev. 53, 57 (2008)
H. Jantunen, T. Kangasvieri, J. Vähäkangas, S. Leppävuori, Design aspects of microwave components with LTCC technique. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 23, 2541 (2003)
D. Wang, L. Li, M. Du, Y. Zhan, A low-sintering temperature microwave dielectric ceramic for 5G LTCC applications with ultralow loss. Ceram. Int. 47, 28675 (2021)
P. Gao, K. Liu, X. Wei, X. Qu, S. Deng, Y. Xiao, J. Yang, Y. Wu, X. Chen, H. Zhou, NaYW2O8: a novel glass-free microwave dielectric ceramic for LTCC application. Ceram. Int. 49, 23165 (2023)
C.-F. Tseng, W.-H. Chang, B.-Z. Huang, C.-H. Han, Microwave dielectric properties and chemical bond characteristics of low temperature firing Li3VO4 ceramic with low permittivity. Ceram. Int. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.08.312
J. Liang, W.-Z. Lu, J.-M. Wu, J.-G. Guan, Microwave dielectric properties of Li2TiO3 ceramics sintered at low temperatures. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 176, 99 (2011)
D. Zhou, H. Wang, L.-X. Pang, X. Yao, X.-G. Wu, Microwave Dielectric characterization of a Li3NbO4 ceramic and its chemical compatibility with silver. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 91, 4115 (2008)
Y.-W. Tseng, J.-Y. Chen, Y.-C. Kuo, C.-L. Huang, Low-loss microwave dielectrics using rock salt oxide Li2MgTiO4. J. Alloys Compd. 509, L308 (2011)
Z. Fu, P. Liu, J. Ma, X. Chen, H. Zhang, New high Q low-fired Li2Mg3TiO6 microwave dielectric ceramics with rock salt structure. Mater. Lett. 164, 436 (2016)
L.L. Yuan, J.J. Bian, Microwave dielectric properties of the lithium containing compounds with rock salt structure. Ferroelectrics. 387, 123 (2009)
G. Yao, J. Yan, J. Tan, C. Pei, P. Liu, H. Zhang, D. Wang, Structure, chemical bond and microwave dielectric characteristics of novel Li3Mg4NbO8 ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 41, 6490 (2021)
Z. Zhang, L. Fang, H. Xiang, M. Xu, Y. Tang, H. Jantunen, C. Li, Structural, infrared reflectivity spectra and microwave dielectric properties of the Li7Ti3O9F ceramic. Ceram. Int. 45, 10163 (2019)
X. Chu, J. Jiang, J. Wang, Y. Wu, L. Gan, T. Zhang, A new high-Q × f Li4NbO4F microwave dielectric ceramic for LTCC applications. Ceram. Int. 47, 4344 (2021)
Y. Gao, J. Jiang, J. Wang, L. Gan, X. Jiang, T. Zhang, Li2+xZrO3Fx (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.25): a new high-Q × f and temperature‐stable microwave dielectric ceramic system for LTCC applications. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 106, 1881 (2023)
C. Cai, J. Ma, J. Xie, H. Li, W. Guo, H. Qin, P. Gao, H. Xiao, A novel Li3Mg3NbO7 microwave dielectric ceramic with ultra-low loss. Ceram. Int. 49, 25495 (2023)
S. Zhai, P. Liu, S. Zhang, A novel high-Q oxyfluoride Li4Mg2NbO6F microwave dielectric ceramic with low sintering temperature. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 41, 4478 (2021)
B.W. Hakki, P.D. Coleman, A dielectric resonator method of measuring inductive capacities in the millimeter range. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 8, 402 (1960)
J.J. Bian, Y.F. Dong, New high Q microwave dielectric ceramics with rock salt structures: (1 – x) Li2TiO3 + xMgO system (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5). J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 30, 325 (2010)
H. Li, P. Zhang, X. Chen, B. Tang, S. Yu, J. Lu, S. Zhang, Effect of Zn2+ substitution for Mg2+ in Li3Mg2SbO6 and the impact on the bond characteristics and microwave dielectric properties. J. Alloys Compd. 832, 155043 (2020)
H. Yang, S. Zhang, H. Yang, E. Li, Usage of P–V–L bond theory in studying the structural/property regulation of microwave dielectric ceramics: a review. Inorg. Chem. Front. 7, 4711 (2020)
S.S. Batsanov, Dielectric methods of studying the chemical bond and the concept of electronegativity. Russ Chem. Rev. 51, 684 (1982)
A.J. Bosman, E.E. Havinga, Temperature dependence of dielectric constants of cubic ionic compounds. Phys. Rev. 129, 1593 (1963)
R.D. Shannon, Dielectric polarizabilities of ions in oxides and fluorides. J. Appl. Phys. 73, 348 (1993)
M. Xiao, S. He, J. Meng, P. Zhang, Bond ionicity, lattice energy, bond energy and the microwave dielectric properties of non-stoichiometric MgZrNb2+xO8+2.5x ceramics. Mater. Chem. Phys. 242, 122412 (2020)
D. Liu, S. Zhang, Z. Wu, Lattice energy estimation for inorganic ionic crystals. Inorg. Chem. 42, 2465 (2003)
H.L. Pan, C.F. Xing, J.X. Bi, X.S. Jiang, Y.X. Mao, H. Wu, Sintering characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of low loss MgZrNb2O8 ceramics achieved by reaction sintering process. J. Alloys Compd. 687, 274 (2016)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11774083 and 51902093).
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11774083 and 51902093).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by SX. The first draft of the manuscript was written by SX and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, S., Gan, L., Jiang, J. et al. Chemical bond characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of high-Q × f Li3+xMgNbO5Fx (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.25) ceramics for LTCC applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 2240 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11627-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11627-9