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Size-dependent structural, morphological, optical, and electrical studies of hydrothermally synthesized TiO2 nanocorals for DSSC application

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Abstract

In this paper, we report the titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocorals made by a hydrothermal method with various reaction times (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) at 160 °C. The structural analysis evidenced the existence of sharp intense peaks showing that the samples have a well-crystalline nature in prepared TiO2 nanocorals, as confirmed by PXRD patterns. Moreover, the UV absorption spectrum has been used to analyse the optical absorption, cut-off wavelength (∼ 350 nm) and calculated the direct optical bandgap (Eg), which has found to be 3.23, 3.31, and 3.42 eV by Tauc relation with the straight-line slop method (αhγ)2 = 0. The FE-SEM images show the formation of TiO2 film nanocoral with morphologies due to the effect of increasing the reaction times. Additionally, the EDS spectrum confirmed the presence of the chemical compounds. The surface characteristics of the samples have been investigated at atomic and molecular levels using AFM microscopic analyser. The conversion efficiency of (TiO2-N719 dye) DSSCs has increased by doping with varying reaction times from 4.51 to 5.85% because of increasing reaction time the surface morphology of the particle size decreases due to the effect of dye molecules absorbed and superior light scattering capability for boosting the light harvesting efficiency. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of DSSCs also presented.

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The authors confirm that the data supporting the finding of this study are available within the article. Raw data that support the finding of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the SRM Institute of Science and Technology for providing central instrumentation facilities such as PXRD, UV-visible, FT-IR (SRM-NRC), AFM (SRM-PCNF), HR-SRM, EDS, EIS, and I-V at SRM-SCIF, Kattankulathur Chengalpatu, Chennai 602 203, Tamil Nadu, India.

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This research did not receive any specific Grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India

    N. Naveenkumar, A. Abhishek & V. Ramesh

  2. Department of Chemistry, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Kuthambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600124, India

    D. V. Sridevi

  3. Department of Chemistry, and Energy and Environmental Remediation Laboratory, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India

    Murali Balu & B. Neppolian

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NN: synthesis, characterization, analysis, and manuscript preparation. AA : analysis and discussions (PXRD and FT-IR studies). SDV : analysis and discussions (UV and SEM). MB: analysis, discussions and interpretations (I-V and EIS). NB: analysis, discussions and interpretations (I-V and EIS). RV: supervise, concept creations, corrections, interpretation, and guiding the manuscript preparation.

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Naveenkumar, N., Abhishek, A., Sridevi, D.V. et al. Size-dependent structural, morphological, optical, and electrical studies of hydrothermally synthesized TiO2 nanocorals for DSSC application. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 2137 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11520-5

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