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Electrical relaxation and conduction behaviour in SmFeO3 modified PbZrTiO3 ceramics

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Abstract

(0.12)SmFeO3–(0.88)Pb(Zr0.45Ti0.55)O3 solid solution has been synthesized by solid state reaction route. The dielectric constant's temperature dependency validates the diffuse phase transition in the studied sample. Electrical properties as a function of frequency (1 kHz–1 MHz) and temperature (573–723 K) have been investigated using impedance graphs. The presence of bulk and grain boundary contributions in overall impedance is revealed by the nature of Nyquist plots. Non-localized conduction is visible in the normalized plots of impedance (Z″) and modulus (M″) spectra. Jonscher’s Power law governs ac conductivity, while Arrhenius dependence governs dc conductivity. Exponent n’s behaviour shows that the conduction mechanism is a tiny polaron hopping process. The activation energies of 0.63 eV, 1.10 eV, and 0.81 eV were calculated using the impedance, modulus, and conductivity data.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [Randeep Kaur], upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Randeep Kaur, one of the authors, would like to express her gratitude to the Indian government's Department of Science and Technology for granting her the INSPIRE fellowship (IF130873). I'd want to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Anupinder Singh. The authors are also grateful for the study resources provided by Guru Nanak Dev University’s Emerging Life Sciences Department in Amritsar.

Funding

This work was supported by the Indian government’s Department of Science and Technology for granting the INSPIRE fellowship (IF130873).

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  1. Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India

    Randeep Kaur

  2. Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India

    Anumeet Kaur

  3. Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Global Group of Institutes, Amritsar, 143501, Punjab, India

    Anumeet Kaur

  4. PG Department of Physics, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, 140118, Punjab, India

    Amrit Singh

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, analysis and the first draft of the manuscript were performed by RK. Funding acquisition, resources, and supervision were performed by RK and Final manuscript was approved by AK and AS, all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Kaur, R., Kaur, A. & Singh, A. Electrical relaxation and conduction behaviour in SmFeO3 modified PbZrTiO3 ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 24295–24307 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09150-4

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