Abstract
ZnO thin films were deposited by spray pyrolysis using different precursors. The effect of change in precursor on the structural, morphological, optical and photocatalytic properties were studied. In order to improve the visible light photocatalytic activity of sprayed ZnO film SnSe, CdSe thin films were deposited on ZnO by vacuum evaporation. In order to investigate the characteristics of the film, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy are used. Photoluminescence spectra result confirmed a change in recombination of charge carriers. Further minimization of recombination was achieved by the formation of heterostructures. The photocatalytic degradation of MB, MO, RhB and phenol were studied under visible irradiation at room temperature. The photodegradation of MB and phenol was determined to be 75% and 55% for 180 min of irradiation with ZnO thin film as a photocatalyst, whereas an improved efficiency of 87% and 74% was observed for the heterostructure film ZA/SnSe during the same irradiation time, respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Data are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author.
References
N. Nalajala, K.K. Patra, P.A. Bharad, C.S. Gopinath, RSC Adv. 9, 6094 (2019)
M. Irani, T. Mohammadi, S. Mohebbi, J. Mex. Chem. Soc. 60, 218 (2016)
H. Leelavathi, N. Abirami, R. Muralidharan, H.P. Kavitha, S. Tamizharasan, S. Sankeetha, R. Arulmozhi, RSC Adv. 11, 26800 (2021)
M.R. Abukhadra, M. Mostafa, A.M. El-Sherbeeny, M.A. El-Meligy, A. Nadeem, ACS Omega 6, 845 (2021)
A.M. Rabie, M.R. Abukhadra, A.M. Rady, M.A. Betiha, J.J. Shim, Res. Chem. Intermed. 46, 1955 (2020)
E.M.M. Putri, M. Rachimoellah, C.S. Rahendaputri, Y. Adisti, Y. Zetra, in AIP Conf. Proc. 2049(1), 020092 (2018)
T. Varadavenkatesan, E. Lyubchik, S. Pai, A. Pugazhendhi, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 199, 111621 (2019)
P. Basnet, T.I. Chanu, D. Samanta, S. Chatterjee, J. Mukherjee, AIP Conf. Proc. 2115, 10 (2019)
K. Byrappa, A.K. Subramani, S. Ananda, K.M. Lokanatha Rai, R. Dinesh, Y.M. Yoshimura, Bull. Mater. Sci. 29, 433–438 (2006)
H. Dewidar, S.A. Nosier, J. Chem. Health Saf. 25, 2–11 (2017)
H. Benhebal, M. Chaib, T. Salmon, J. Geens, A. Leonard, S.D. Lambert, M. Crine, B. Heinrichs, Alex. Eng. J. 52, 517 (2013)
L.G.C. Villegas, N. Mashhadi, M. Chen, D. Mukherjee, K.E. Taylor, N. Biswas, Curr. Pollut. Rep. 2, 157 (2016)
H. Sato, T. Minami, S. Takata, T. Yamada, Thin Solid Films 236, 27–31 (1993)
R. Vittal, K.C. Ho, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 70, 920 (2017)
R.S. Pedanekar, S.K. Shaikh, K.Y. Rajpure, Curr. Appl. Phys. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2020.04.006
H. Li, S. Yu, J. Hu, E. Liu, Thin Solid Films 666, 100 (2018)
P. Semeraro, S. Bettini, S. Sawalha, S. Pal, A. Licciulli, F. C, N. Lovergine, L. Valli, G. Giancane, J. Nanomater. (Basel). 10(8), 1458 (2020)
C.V. Reddy, B. Babu, I.N. Reddy, J. Shim, Ceram. Int. 44, 6940 (2018)
P.K. Aspoukeh, A.A. Barzinjy, S.M. Hamad, Int. Nano Lett. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-021-00349-7
X. Zhao, K. Nagashima, G. Zhang, T. Hosomi, H. Yoshida, Y. Akihiro, M. Kanai, W. Mizukami, Z. Zhu, T. Takahashi, M. Suzuki, B. Samransuksamer, G. Meng, T. Yasui, Y. Aoki, Y. Baba, T. Yanagida, Nano Lett. 20, 599 (2019)
F. Cao, Z. Pan, X. Ji, New J. Chem. 43, 11342 (2019)
A. Tripathy, P. Wasik, S. Sreedharan, D. Nandi, O. Bikondoa, B. Su, P. Sen, W.H. Briscoe, Colloids Interfaces 2, 1 (2018)
A.R. Nimbalkar, M.G. Patil, Physica B 527, 7 (2017)
M.I. Khan, K.A. Bhatti, R. Qindeel, N. Alonizan, H.S. Althobaiti, Results Phys. 7, 651 (2017)
R. Romero, D. Leinen, E.A. Dalchiele, J.R. Ramos-Barrado, F. Martín, Thin Solid Films 515, 1942 (2006)
Z. Ben Ayadi, H. Mahdhi, K. Djessas, J.L. Gauffier, L. El Mir, S. Alaya, Thin Solid Films 553, 123 (2014)
N. Yudasari, D.S. Kennedy, M.M. Suliyanti, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1191, 012009 (2019)
J.K. Saha, R.N. Bukke, N.N. Mude, J. Jin, Sci. Rep. 10, 1 (2020)
M.P.F. De Godoy, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 31, 17269 (2020)
T. Tharsika, M. Thanihaichelvan, A.S.M.A. Haseeb, S.A. Akbar, Front. Mater. 6, 1 (2019)
A. Ramirez-Canon, M. Medina-Llamas, M. Vezzoli, D. Mattia, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 20, 6648 (2018)
C. Adán, J. Marugán, E. Sánchez, C. Pablos, R. Van Grieken, Electrochim. Acta 191, 521 (2016)
R. Hussin, G.H. Seng, N.S. Zulkiflee, Z. Harun, M.N.M. Hatta, M.Z. Yunos, AIP Conf. Proc. 2068, 020096 (2019)
A. Hoque, M.I. Guzman, Mater. (Basel). 11(10), 1990 (2018)
S. Meng, J. Zhang, S. Chen, S. Zhang, W. Huang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 476, 982 (2019)
A. Kumar, Mater. Sci. Eng. Int. J. 1, 106 (2017)
Y.W. Chen, Y.H. Hsu, Catalysts 11, 1275 (2021)
R.D. Suryavanshi, S.V. Mohite, A.A. Bagade, K.Y. Rajpure, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 248, 114386 (2019)
N. Talebian, M.R. Nilforoushan, R. Ramazan Ghasem, J. Sol–Gel Sci. Technol. 64, 36 (2012)
Z. Ren, X. Liu, Z. Zhuge, Y. Gong, C.Q. Sun, Chin. J. Catal. 41, 180 (2020)
A. Rahmati, A. Farokhipour, J. Clust. Sci. 30, 521 (2019)
L. Nie, Q. Zhang, Inorg. Chem. Front. 4, 1953 (2017)
M.N. Ashiq, S. Irshad, M.F. Ehsan, S. Rehman, S. Farooq, M. Najam-Ul-Haq, A. Zia, New J. Chem. 41, 14689 (2017)
E. Kharatzadeh, S.R. Masharian, R. Yousefi, Mater. Res. Bull. 135, 111127 (2021)
Z. Li, L. Sun, Y. Liu, L. Zhu, D. Yu, Y. Wang, Y. Sun, M. Yu, Environ. Sci. Nano 6, 1507 (2019)
F. Andrew Frame, E.C. Carroll, D.S. Larsen, M. Sarahan, N.D. Browning, F.E. Osterloh, Chem. Commun. (2008). https://doi.org/10.1039/b718796c
S.T. Ahamed, C. Kulsi, Kirti, D. Banerjee, D.N. Srivastava, A. Mondal, Surf. Interfaces 25, 101149 (2021)
N. Ghobadi, P. Sohrabi, H. Reza Hatami, Chem. Phys. 538, 110911 (2020)
X. Zheng, J. Yuan, J. Shen, J. Liang, J. Che, B. Tang, G. He, H. Chen, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 30, 5986 (2019)
M. Baneto, A. Enesca, Y. Lare, K. Jondo, K. Napo, A. Duta, Ceram. Int. 40, 8397 (2014)
N. Lehraki, M.S. Aida, S. Abed, N. Attaf, A. Attaf, M. Poulain, Curr. Appl. Phys. 12, 1283 (2012)
D. Li, H. Song, X. Meng, T. Shen, J. Sun, W. Han, X. Wang, Nanomaterials 10, 1 (2020)
K. Adesina, M. Iqbal, H. Louis, O. Solomon, Mater. Sci. Energy Technol. 2, 329 (2019)
M. Deo, D. Shinde, A. Yengantiwari, J. Jog, B. Hannoyer, X. Sauvage, M. More, S. Ogale, J.M. Chem. 22, 17055–17062 (2012)
S. Velanganni, S. Pravinraj, P. Immanuel, R. Thiruneelakandan, Physica B 534, 56 (2018)
M.H. Habibi, M.H. Rahmati, Spectrochim. Acta A 137, 160 (2015)
A.A. Al-Zahrani, Z. Zainal, Z.A. Talib, H.N. Lim, L. Mohd Fudzi, A.M. Holi, M. Sarif-Mohd Ali, J. Nanomater. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5212938
C. Florica, A. Costas, N. Preda, M. Beregoi, A. Kuncser, N. Apostol, C. Popa, G. Socol, V. Diculescu, I. Enculescu, Sci. Rep. 9, 1 (2019)
D. Saravanakkumar, H.A. Oualid, Y. Brahmi, A. Ayeshamariam, M. Karunanaithy, A.M. Saleem, K. Kaviyarasu, S. Sivaranjani, M. Jayachandran, OpenNano 4, 100025 (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
DV performed conceptualization, validation, investigation, data curation and writing. AS performed visualization, writing and editing. BV performed conceptualization, validation, reviewing and editing.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Deepthi, V., Sebastian, A. & Vidhya, B. Influence of precursors and formation of heterostructures towards the enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 24111–24124 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09055-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09055-2