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One-pot sono-hydrothermal design of single vs. dual Cu–Cd sulfides nanophotocatalyst over zinc oxide with efficient light-responsive activity for photodegradation of organic dyes

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Abstract

In present research, we designed the novel CuS–CdS/ZnO ternary nanophotocatalysts with various weight percentages of ZnO (80 and 90 wt%) via one-pot sono-hydrothermal method. These nanocomposites efficiently use the sunlight irradiation as a neat and endless energy resource, reduce the recombination rate of the photo-produced e−–h+ pairs, and increase ZnO photocatalytic performance. Furthermore, we synthesized CdS/ZnO, CuS/ZnO, CuS–CdS, and their bare samples and compared their photocatalytic activities with the as-prepared ternary nanophotocatalysts. Fabricated nanophotocatalysts were characterized via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) pore size and volume analyses, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and point of zero charge pH (pHpzc). Surprisingly, the synthesized ternary nanophotocatalyst with 90 wt% of ZnO (CuS–CdS/ZnO(90)) had the highest photocatalytic activity compared to the other prepared nanophotocatalysts. It removed 97.1% of methylene blue in 140 min. Therefore, using the ternary structure has led to the outstanding photocatalytic performance under simulated sunlight illumination. Additionally, the photodegradation of various dyes, the influence of initial pH solution, and reusability of the optimum photocatalyst were verified in this study.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

We acknowledge the project support funds provided by Iran National Science Foundation and Sahand University of Technology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, P.O.Box 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran

    Behzad Asefi Zanjani, Mohammad Haghighi & Azadeh Talati

  2. Reactor and Catalysis Research Center (RCRC), Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, P.O.Box 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran

    Behzad Asefi Zanjani, Mohammad Haghighi & Azadeh Talati

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  1. Behzad Asefi Zanjani
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  2. Mohammad Haghighi
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  3. Azadeh Talati
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Contributions

The team members are contributed based on the following roles: BAZ: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, and Writing—Original draft preparation. MH: Project administration, Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Visualization, Supervision, and Writing—Reviewing and Editing. AT: Conceptualization, Methodology, and Writing—Reviewing and Editing.

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Correspondence to Mohammad Haghighi.

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Asefi Zanjani, B., Haghighi, M. & Talati, A. One-pot sono-hydrothermal design of single vs. dual Cu–Cd sulfides nanophotocatalyst over zinc oxide with efficient light-responsive activity for photodegradation of organic dyes. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 24089–24110 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09054-3

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