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3–1-type PZT-based porous ceramic and composites with highly oriented pore structure for acoustic applications

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Abstract

Pure tert-butyl alcohol as vehicle was used to fabricate 3–1-type porous lead zirconate titanate ceramics (3–1-type porous PZT ceramics) and lead zirconate titanate/epoxy (PZT/epoxy) composites by freeze-casting. 3–1-type porous PZT ceramics with porosity ranging from 47.32 to 75.41% are obtained by varying initial solid loading in freeze-casting slurry. With the increase of porosity, piezoelectric properties exhibited small decline. The piezoelectric coefficient (d33) is 688 pC/N, which almost as same as the bulk piezoelectric ceramics although the porosity is up to 63.05%. The special 3–1-type porous structure promotes the polarization and pushes the domain deflected, which enhances the piezoelectric, dielectric, and acoustic properties greatly. After filling epoxy into the unidirectional channel, the piezoelectric properties decreased slightly while the mechanical property of composites is 2–3 times higher than 3–1-type porous PZT ceramics. The acoustic impedance value (Z) of 3–1-type porous PZT ceramics and composites reach to 2.918 and 6.03 MRayls, respectively. These values are much lower than dense PZT phase (16 MRayls) and conducive to improve the acoustic matching with water and biological tissue.

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The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article. All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1806221) and the Instruction & Development Project for National Funding Innovation Demonstration Zone of Shandong Province (2018ZCQZB01, 2019ZCQZB03).

Funding

Funding was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1806221, 2018ZCQZB01, 2019ZCQZB03).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Haiqing Qiu, Huajun Sun & Huiting Sui

  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Haiqing Qiu, Huiting Sui & Duanping Huang

  3. Advanced Ceramics Institute of Zibo New & High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Zibo, 255000, People’s Republic of China

    Haiqing Qiu, Huajun Sun, Huiting Sui & Duanping Huang

  4. School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaofang Liu

Authors
  1. Haiqing Qiu
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  2. Huajun Sun
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  3. Xiaofang Liu
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  4. Huiting Sui
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  5. Duanping Huang
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Contributions

HQ contributed to conceptualization, data curation, methodology, writing of the original draft, and visualization. HS contributed to supervision and writing, reviewing, & editing of the manuscript. XL contributed to investigation and formal analysis. HS contributed to supervision, writing, reviewing, & editing of the manuscript. DH contributed to supervision and writing, reviewing, & editing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xiaofang Liu.

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Qiu, H., Sun, H., Liu, X. et al. 3–1-type PZT-based porous ceramic and composites with highly oriented pore structure for acoustic applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 12171–12181 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08177-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08177-x

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