Abstract
A prominent issue is developing low-cost photocatalysts for water splitting hydrogen evolution. This work used a one-step microwave irradiation technique to make a copper ferrite incorporated graphitic carbon nitride (CuFe2O4/g-C3N4) nanocomposite for use as a visible-light reactive photocatalyst. XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman, UV, PL, and BET were used to analyze the structural, morphological, optical and elemental composition of the composite photocatalysts. CuFe2O4 was successfully incorporated in a g-C3N4 matrix in this composite, resulting in a CuFe2O4/g-C3N4 heterostructure that is substantially more efficient in photocatalytic H2 generation by water splitting under visible light. The photocatalytic activity of CuFe2O4/g-C3N4 composites is influenced by the CuFe2O4 loading mass. The 15-CuFe2O4/g-C3N4 composite, which includes 15% CuFe2O4, has a greater photocatalytic activity than the massive g-C3N4, with such a hydrogen evolution rate of 545 molh−1 g–1, which really is 9.1-fold that of the massive g-C3N4. This paper proposes a new way for improving semiconductor-based heterostructures for solar fuel generation efficiency.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. Shekofteh-Gohari, A. Habibi-Yangjeh, M. Abitorabi, A. Rouhi, Magnetically separable nanocomposites based on ZnO and their applications in photocatalytic processes: A review. Crit. Rev. Env. Sci. Technol. 48, 806–857 (2018)
A. Akhundi, A. Habibi-Yangjeh, M. Abitorabi, S.R. Pouran, Review on photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to value-added compounds and renewable fuels by graphitic carbon nitride-based photocatalysts. Catal. Rev. 61, 595–628 (2019)
M. Pirhashemi, A. Habibi-Yangjeh, S.R. Pouran, Review on the criteria anticipated for the fabrication of highly efficient ZnO-based visible-light-driven photocatalysts. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 62, 1–25 (2018)
A. Habibi-Yangjeh, S. Asadzadeh-Khaneghah, S. Feizpoor, A. Rouhi, Review on heterogeneous photocatalytic disinfection of waterborne, airborne, and foodborne viruses: Can we win against pathogenic viruses? J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 580, 503–514 (2020)
J. Corredor, M.J. Rivero, C.M. Rangel, F. Gloaguen, I. Ortiz, Comprehensive review and future perspectives on the photocatalytic hydrogen production. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 94, 3049–3063 (2019)
A. Fujishima, K. Honda, Photolysis-decomposition of water at the surface of an irradiated semiconductor. Nature 238, 37–38 (1972)
X.B. Chen, S.H. Shen, L.J. Guo et al., Semiconductor-based photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Chem. Rev. 110, 6503–6570 (2010)
D. Yue, X. Qian, Y. Zhao, Photocatalytic remediation of ionic pollutant. Sci. Bull. 60, 1791–1806 (2015)
Z. Xia, X. Zhou, J. Li, Protection strategy for improved catalytic stability of silicon photoanodes for water oxidation. Sci. Bull. 60, 1395–1402 (2015)
Hu. Cheng, F. Chen, Y. Wang, Na. Tian, T. Ma, Y. Zhang, H. Huang, Exceptional cocatalyst-free photo-enhanced piezocatalytic hydrogen evolution of carbon nitride nanosheets from strong in-plane polarization. Adv. Mater. 33, 2101751 (2021)
J. Yang, Y. Liang, K. Li, G. Yang, K. Wang, X. Rui, X. Xie, One-step synthesis of novel K+ and cyano groups decorated triazine-/heptazine-based g-C3N4 tubular homojunctions for boosting photocatalytic H2 evolution. Appl. Catal. B 262, 118252 (2020)
Z. Liang, Y. Xue, X. Wang, Y. Zhou, X. Zhang, H. Cui, G. Cheng, J. Tian, Co doped MoS2 as cocatalyst considerably improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of g-C3N4 in an alkalescent environment. Chem. Eng. J. 421, 130016 (2021)
J. Yang, Y. Liang, K. Li, G. Yang, K. Wang, Xu. Rui, X. Xie, Cyano and potassium-rich g-C3N4 hollow tubes for efficient visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution. Catal. Sci. Technol. 9, 3342–3346 (2019)
S. Yang, Y. Gong, J. Zhang, L. Zhan, L. MaL, Z. Fang, R. Vajtai, X. Wang, P.M. Ajayan, Exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution under visible light. Adv. Mater. 25, 2452 (2013)
Y. Kang, Y. Yang, L.C. Yin, X. Kang, L. Wang, G. Liu, H.M. Cheng, Selective breaking of hydrogen bonds of layered carbon nitride for visible light photocatalysis. Adv. Mater. 28, 6471 (2016)
W. Zhang, B. Quan, Y. Piao, One-step facile solvothermal synthesis of copper ferrite-graphene composite as a high-performance supercapacitor material. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7, 2404–2414 (2015)
P. Jing, J. Li, Q. Liu, Efficient photocatalytic degradation of acid fuchsin in aqueous solution using separate porous tetragonal-CuFe2O4 nanotubes. J. Hazard. Mater. 284, 163–170 (2015)
A. Kezzim, N. Nasrallah, M. Trari, Visible light induced hydrogen on the novel hetero-system CuFe2O4/TiO2. Energy Convers. Manage. 52, 2800–2808 (2011)
N. Nasrallah, M. Kebir, Z. Koudri, Photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) on the novel hetero-system CuFe2O4/CdS. J. Hazard. Mater. 185, 1398–1404 (2011)
Y. Fu, Q. Chen, X. Wang, Copper ferrite-graphene hybrid: a multifunctional heteroarchitecture for photocatalysis and energy storage. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51, 11700–11709 (2012)
H. Yang, J. Yan, Z. Lu, Photocatalytic activity evaluation of tetragonal CuFe2O4 nanoparticles for the H2 evolution under visible light irradiation. J. Alloys. Compd. 476, 715–719 (2009)
S. Prabhu, M. Pudukudy, S. Harish, M. Navaneethan, S. Sohila, K. Murugesan, R. Ramesh, Facile construction of djembe-like ZnO and its composite with g-C3N4 as a visible-light- driven heterojunction photocatalyst for the degradation of organic dyes. Mater. Sci. Semiconduct. Process. 106, 10454 (2020)
R. Cheng, X. Fan, M. Wang, M. Li, J. Tian, L. Zhang, Facile construction of CuFe2O4/g-C3N4 photocatalyst for enhanced visible-light hydrogen evolution. RSC Adv. 6, 18990–18995 (2016)
S. Kumaresan, K. Vallalperuman, S. Sathishkumar, A novel one-step synthesis of Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles for high performance photo-catalytic applications. J. Mater. Sci. 27, 6268–6274 (2017)
M. Sumathi, A. Prakasam, P.M. Anbarasan, High capable visible light driven photocatalytic activity of WO3/g-C3N4 hetrostructure catalysts synthesized by a novel one step microwave irradiation route. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 30, 3294–3304 (2019)
M. Parthibavarman, S. Sathishkumar, S. Prabhakaran, Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by different microwave optimum conditions. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 29, 2341–2350 (2018)
M. Parthibavarman, M. Karthik, S. Prabhakaran, Facile and one step synthesis of WO3 nanorods and nanosheets as an efficient photocatalyst and humidity sensing material. Vacuum 155, 224–232 (2018)
S. Renukadevi, A. PricillaJeyakumari, A one-pot microwave irradiation route to synthesis of CoFe2O4-g-C3N4 heterojunction catalysts for high visible light photocatalytic activity: Exploration of efficiency and stability. Diam. Relat. Mater. 109, 108012 (2020)
R. BoopathiRaja, M. Parthibavarman, Hetero-structure arrays of MnCo2O4 nanoflakes@ nanowires grown on Ni foam: Design, fabrication and applications in electrochemical energy storage. J. Alloy. Compd. 811, 152084 (2019)
R. BoopathiRaja, M. Parthibavarman, A. Nishara Begum, Hydrothermal induced novel CuCo2O4 electrode for high performance supercapacitor applications. Vacuum 165, 96–104 (2019)
R. BoopathiRaj, M. Parthibavarman, Reagent induced formation of NiCo2O4 with different morphologies with large surface area for high performance asymmetric supercapacitors. Phys. Lett. 755, 137809 (2020)
R. BoopathiRaj, M. Parthibavarman, Desert rose like heterostructure of NiCo2O4/NF@PPy composite has high stability and excellent electrochemical performance for asymmetric super capacitor application. Electrochim. Acta 346, 136270 (2020)
Z. Jiang, C. Zhu, W. Wan, K. Qian, J. Xie, Constructing graphite-like carbon nitride modified hierarchical yolk–shell TiO2 spheres for water pollution treatment and hydrogen production. J. Mater. Chem. A 4, 1806–1818 (2016)
J. Chen, S. Shen, P. Guo, M. Wang, P. Wu, X. Wang, L. Guo, In-situ reduction synthesis of nanosized Cu2O particles modifying g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production. Appl. Catal. B 152–153, 335–341 (2014)
S.-W. Cao, X.-F. Liu, Y.-P. Yuan, Z.-Y. Zhang, Y.-S. Liao, J. Fang, S.C.J. Loo, T.C. Sum, C. Xue, Solar-to-fuels conversion over In2O3/g-C3N4 hybrid photocatalysts. Appl. Catal. B 147, 940–946 (2014)
J. Chen, D. Zhao, Z. Diao, M. Wang, L. Guo, S. Shen, Bifunctional modification of graphitic carbon nitride with MgFe2O4 for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7, 18843–18848 (2015)
J. Zeng, T. Song, M. Lv, T. Wang, J. Qina, H. Zeng, Plasmonic photocatalysts Au/g-C3N4/NiFe2O4 nanocomposites for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. RSC Adv. 60, 54964–54975 (2016)
K. Wang, Z. Chen, M. Huang, Z. Yang, C. Zeng, L. Wang, M. Qiu, Y. Zhang, W. Zhang, A galvanic replacement reaction to synthesise metal/ZnO heterostructured films on zinc substrates for enhanced photocatalytic performance. RSC Adv. 6, 103594–103600 (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Renukadevi, S., Pricilla Jeyakumari, A. A novel microwave induced preparation of CuFe2O4/g-C3N4-based efficient photocatalyst for enhanced visible-light hydrogen evolution. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 25399–25408 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06999-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06999-9