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Nonlinearities in ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric behavior of Hf incorporated BaTiO3 nontoxic electroceramics

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Abstract

We report the structural, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of BaTi1−xHfxO3(x = 0, 0.04, 0.08) abbreviated as BT, BHT 1, and BHT-2 lead-free ceramics prepared by solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction and Raman analysis confirm the formation of tetragonal lattice symmetry with a P4mm space group for studied compositions at room temperature. The tetragonality i.e. c/a ratio and average grain size found to be decreased with Hf4+ incorporation into BaTiO3 (BT). The nonlinearities in dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties were observed with Hf4+ incorporation into BT, with the diffuse phase transition (DPT) for BaTi0.96Hf0.04O3 (BHT-1) ceramic, showing improved bulk density ~ 5.90 g/cm3, lattice strain ~ 0.168%, Pr ~ 9.03 μC/cm2, Ec ~ 3.44 kV/cm, Pmax ~ 17.42 μC/cm2, εm ~ 7391, Jmax ~ 4.52 × 10–3 A/cm2, d33 ~ 212 pC/N, diffuseness parameter γ ~ 1.58, with relatively higher Curie temperature (TC ~ 125 °C) than pure BaTiO3 a promising candidate for lead-free ferroelectric memory storage (Fe-RAM) and piezoelectric transducers application.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Rahul C. Kambale thankfully acknowledges the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)-DST, Government of India (File No. EMR/2016/001750, Extra Mural Research Funding scheme) and UGC-DAE CSR Indore, Government of India (Ref. CSR-IC-TIMR-07/CRS-274/2017-18/1280, Collaborative Research Scheme.) for providing the research funds to carry out this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 007, India

    Onkar A. Ramdasi, Pravin S. Kadhane, Y. D. Kolekar & Rahul C. Kambale

  2. UGC-DAE CSR, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452 001, India

    V. R. Reddy

  3. Department of Physics, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 019, India

    Onkar A. Ramdasi

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  1. Onkar A. Ramdasi
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Ramdasi, O.A., Kadhane, P.S., Kolekar, Y.D. et al. Nonlinearities in ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric behavior of Hf incorporated BaTiO3 nontoxic electroceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 18803–18815 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04420-5

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