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Toward the application of electromagnetic wave absorption by two-dimension materials

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Abstract

Searching for the superior electromagnetic wave absorption materials (EMWAMs) has sparked giant interest owing to the increasingly serious electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution and the boosting development of stealth fighters. Among numerous EMW absorbing materials, the two-dimension (2D) materials with unique layered morphology, low mass density, excellent processability and controllable electromagnetic parameters stand out for the lightweight, high-efficiency EMW absorbing materials. Here, we will summary the state-of-art progress on the 2D materials for EMWAMs, including graphene, MoS2, h-BN, g-C3N4, LDH (layered double hydroxides) and others. Meanwhile, the relevant preparation synthesis, absorption mechanisms and performance comparisons are presented. Specially, with the aim to obtain the superior absorption ability in term of broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB), strong absorption intensity and thin thickness, the two key factors that significantly influence the ultimate performance, namely, good impedance matching and strong attenuation capacity, have been considered all the time. Finally, the bottlenecks and outlooks are further put forward on the basis of its current development.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

(Reproduced with permission from [47]. Copyright Springer 2014), g-C3N4, h-BN, LDH (layered double hydroxides) and others (such as BP) (Reproduced with permission from [48]. Copyright American Chemical Society 2017)

Fig. 3

(Reproduced with permission from [58]. Copyright John Wiley and Sons 2018); SEM image (e), RL curves (f) and the absorption mechanism (g) for CoFe2O4/RGO/CoFe2O4 (CRC) composites (Reproduced with permission from [62]. Copyright American Chemical Society 2019); schematic of the synthesis (h) and SEM image (i) for the 3D graphene foams (Reproduced with permission from [65]. Copyright Elsevier 2018)

Fig. 4

(Reproduced with permission from [77]. Copyright Elsevier 2020); g schematic illustration of synthesis for 2-0, 2-1, and 2-3 MoS2-based composites (Reproduced with permission from [78]. Copyright American Chemical Society 2017); k TEM image of core–shell structure Fe@B2O3 nanoparticles, l RL curves and (m) 3D RL plots for SSA (Reproduced with permission from [79]. Copyright Elsevier 2020)

Fig. 5

(Reproduced with permission from [85]. Copyright Elsevier 2019); c the Schematic of the preparation process and the related SEM images of rGO-h-BN hybrids (Reproduced with permission from [55]. Copyright American Chemical Society 2016); d, e the SEM images of BN/CFs composites calcined at 1250 °C, and the RL cures for f pure CFs and g BN/CFs composites (Reproduced with permission from [86]. Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2018)

Fig. 6

(Reproduced with permission from [88]. Copyright Elsevier 2018); schematic of the preparation process (e), 3D curves of RL values (f) and the EMW absorption mechanism (g) for magnetic g-C3N4/g-carbon foams (CNFs) as well as (h) the schematic diagram of the 3D printing technology and the obtained 3D printing absorber (Reproduced with permission from [89]. Copyright American Chemical Society 2020)

Fig. 7

(Reproduced with permission from [91]. Copyright Elsevier 2020); the synthesis process of NiCo-alloy@tubular-g-C3N4 composites (Reproduced with permission from [92]. Copyright Elsevier 2018); SEM images of i Mg/Fe-LDHs, g Mg/Fe-LDOs, and k Mg/Fe-LDO/carbon nanohelix composites, and the RL curves for Mg/Fe-LDO/carbon nanohelix composites (Reproduced with permission from [93]. Copyright Elsevier 2016)

Fig. 8

aerogel (Reproduced with permission from [96]. Copyright Institute of Physics 2018); schematic illustration of crystal structure (f), SEM image (g) and the RL curves for GeP5 (Reproduced with permission from [97]. Copyright American Institute of Physics 2019); the synthesis process (i) and SEM image (j) for Bi2Te3 (Reproduced with permission from [100]. Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2018)

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Acknowledgements

Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation of China (Grants nos. 51872238 and 21806129), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 310201911cx019, 3102018zy045 and 3102019AX11) and the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (Nos. 2020JM-118 and 2017JQ5116).

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  1. Jiaolong Liu and Zehao Zhao have contributed to this work equally.

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  1. School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, People’s Republic of China

    Jiaolong Liu & Limin Zhang

  2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China

    Zehao Zhao

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  1. Jiaolong Liu
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Correspondence to Limin Zhang.

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Liu, J., Zhao, Z. & Zhang, L. Toward the application of electromagnetic wave absorption by two-dimension materials. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 25562–25576 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03800-1

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