Skip to main content
Log in

Metal ion sensing and light activated antimicrobial activity of aloe-vera derived carbon dots

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged out as a potential material amongst the carbon family for a wide range of applications including chemical/biological sensing, photocatalysis, bioimaging, etc. The green synthesis of these CDs from natural sources is gaining the significant interest of peer community for their wide utility. Herein, we present a facile one-step pyrolysis method for CDs synthesis from Aloe-Vera extract, which show bright blue luminescence under UV light with a quantum yield of 12.3%. Further, ex-situ morphological, structural and optical characterizations reveal their high quality and excitation independent emission behavior with the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl functional groups. Furthermore, these CDs were studied for Fe(III) sensing in water without any surface modifications and assessed for their light activated antibacterial activity against E.Coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. T.N. Hoheisel, S. Schrettl, R. Szilluweit, H. Frauenrath, Nanostructured carbonaceous materials from molecular precursors. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 6496–6515 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Y. Wang, A. Hu, Carbon quantum dots: synthesis, properties and applications. J. Mater. Chem. C 2, 6921–6939 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Y.-P. Sun, B. Zhou, Y. Lin, W. Wang, K.S. Fernando, P. Pathak, M.J. Meziani, B.A. Harruff, X. Wang, H. Wang, Quantum-sized carbon dots for bright and colorful photoluminescence. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 7756–7757 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. V. Sharma, P. Tiwari, S.M. Mobin, Sustainable carbon-dots: recent advances in green carbon dots for sensing and bioimaging. J. Mater. Chem. B 5, 8904–8924 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. F. Yan, Y. Zou, M. Wang, X. Mu, N. Yang, L. Chen, Highly photoluminescent carbon dots-based fluorescent chemosensors for sensitive and selective detection of mercury ions and application of imaging in living cells. Sens. Actuators B 192, 488–495 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Y. Ma, Y. Chen, J. Liu, Y. Han, S. Ma, X. Chen, Ratiometric fluorescent detection of chromium (VI) in real samples based on dual emissive carbon dots. Talanta 185, 249–257 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Kumar, A.R. Chowdhury, D. Laha, T.K. Mahto, P. Karmakar, S.K. Sahu, Green synthesis of carbon dots from Ocimum sanctum for effective fluorescent sensing of Pb2+ ions and live cell imaging. Sens. Actuators B 242, 679–686 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. P. Das, S. Ganguly, M. Bose, S. Mondal, A.K. Das, S. Banerjee, N.C. Das, A simplistic approach to green future with eco-friendly luminescent carbon dots and their application to fluorescent nano-sensor ‘turn-off probe for selective sensing of copper ions. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 75, 1456–1464 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. R. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Sun, One-step synthesis of self-doped carbon dots with highly photoluminescence as multifunctional biosensors for detection of iron ions and pH. Sens. Actuators B 241, 73–79 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. X. Cui, Y. Wang, J. Liu, Q. Yang, B. Zhang, Y. Gao, Y. Wang, G. Lu, Dual functional N-and S-co-doped carbon dots as the sensor for temperature and Fe3+ ions. Sens. Actuators B 242, 1272–1280 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. S. Chandra, A.R. Chowdhury, D. Laha, S.K. Sahu, Fabrication of nitrogen-and phosphorous-doped carbon dots by the pyrolysis method for iodide and iron (III) sensing. Luminescence 33, 336–344 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Q. Dou, X. Fang, S. Jiang, P.L. Chee, T.-C. Lee, X.J. Loh, Multi-functional fluorescent carbon dots with antibacterial and gene delivery properties. RSC Adv. 5, 46817–46822 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. P. Karfa, E. Roy, S. Patra, S. Kumar, A. Tarafdar, R. Madhuri, P.K. Sharma, Amino acid derived highly luminescent, heteroatom-doped carbon dots for label-free detection of Cd2+/Fe3+, cell imaging and enhanced antibacterial activity. RSC Adv. 5, 58141–58153 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. N.A. Travlou, D.A. Ginnakoudakis, M. Algarra, A.M. Labella, E. Rodríguez-Castellón, T.J. Bandosz, S-and N-doped carbon quantum dots: Surface chemistry dependent antibacterial activity, Carbon, 135, 104–111 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. R. Beaulac, L. Schneider, P.I. Archer, G. Bacher, D.R. Gamelin, Light-induced spontaneous magnetization in doped colloidal quantum dots. Science 325, 973–976 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. M. Thakur, S. Pandey, A. Mewada, V. Patil, M. Khade, E. Goshi, M. Sharon, Antibiotic conjugated fluorescent carbon dots as a theranostic agent for controlled drug release, bioimaging, and enhanced antimicrobial activity. J. Drug Deliv. (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/282193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. B.Z. Ristic, M.M. Milenkovic, I.R. Dakic, B.M. Todorovic-Markovic, M.S. Milosavljevic, M.D. Budimir, V.G. Paunovic, M.D. Dramicanin, Z.M. Markovic, V.S. Trajkovic, Photodynamic antibacterial effect of graphene quantum dots. Biomaterials 35, 4428–4435 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. M.J. Meziani, X. Dong, L. Zhu, L.P. Jones, G.E. LeCroy, F. Yang, S. Wang, P. Wang, Y. Zhao, L. Yang, Visible-light-activated bactericidal functions of carbon “Quantum” dots. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8, 10761–10766 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. K. Habiba, D.P. Bracho-Rincon, J.A. Gonzalez-Feliciano, J.C. Villalobos-Santos, V.I. Makarov, D. Ortiz, J.A. Avalos, C.I. Gonzalez, B.R. Weiner, G. Morell, Synergistic antibacterial activity of PEGylated silver–graphene quantum dots nanocomposites. Appl Mater. Today 1, 80–87 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. S. Han, H. Zhang, Y. Xie, L. Liu, C. Shan, X. Li, W. Liu, Y. Tang, Application of cow milk-derived carbon dots/Ag NPs composite as the antibacterial agent. Appl. Surf. Sci. 328, 368–373 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. B. De, K. Gupta, M. Mandal, N. Karak, Biocide immobilized OMMT-carbon dot reduced Cu2O nanohybrid/hyperbranched epoxy nanocomposites: mechanical, thermal, antimicrobial and optical properties. Mater. Sci. Eng.: C 56, 74–83 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Y.J. Li, S.G. Harroun, Y.C. Su, C.F. Huang, B. Unnikrishnan, H.J. Lin, C.H. Lin, C.C. Huang, Synthesis of self-assembled spermidine-carbon quantum dots effective against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 5, 2545–2554 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. M. Ngu-Schwemlein, S.F. Chin, R. Hileman, C. Drozdowski, C. Upchurch, A. Hargrove, Carbon nanodots as molecular scaffolds for development of antimicrobial agents. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 26, 1745–1749 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. S.P. Chandran, M. Chaudhary, R. Pasricha, A. Ahmad, M. Sastry, Synthesis of gold nanotriangles and silver nanoparticles using Aloe vera plant extract. Biotechnol. Prog. 22, 577–583 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. A. Surjushe, R. Vasani, D. Saple, Aloe vera: a short review. Indian J. Dermatol. 53, 163 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. A.-M. Alam, B.-Y. Park, Z.K. Ghouri, M. Park, H.-Y. Kim, Synthesis of carbon quantum dots from cabbage with down-and up-conversion photoluminescence properties: excellent imaging agent for biomedical applications. Green Chem. 17, 3791–3797 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Y. Dong, J. Shao, C. Chen, H. Li, R. Wang, Y. Chi, X. Lin, G. Chen, Blue luminescent graphene quantum dots and graphene oxide prepared by tuning the carbonization degree of citric acid. Carbon 50, 4738–4743 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. S. Mondal, P. Purkayastha, α-cyclodextrin functionalized carbon dots: pronounced photoinduced electron transfer by aggregated nanostructures. J. Phys. Chem. C 120, 14365–14371 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. L. Chunduri, A. Kurdekar, S. Patnaik, B.V. Dev, T.M. Rattan, V. Kamisetti, Carbon quantum dots from coconut husk: evaluation for antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Mater. Focus 5, 55–61 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. J. Schmitt, H.-C. Flemming, FTIR-spectroscopy in microbial and material analysis. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 41, 1–11 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. W. Liu, H. Diao, H. Chang, H. Wang, T. Li, W. Wei, Green synthesis of carbon dots from rose-heart radish and application for Fe3+ detection and cell imaging. Sens. Actuators B 241, 190–198 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. K. Qu, J. Wang, J. Ren, X. Qu, Carbon dots prepared by hydrothermal treatment of dopamine as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for the label-free detection of iron (III) ions and dopamine. Chem.-A Eur. J. 19 (2013) 7243–7249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. N. Wang, Y. Wang, T. Guo, T. Yang, M. Chen, J. Wang, Green preparation of carbon dots with papaya as carbon source for effective fluorescent sensing of Iron (III) and Escherichia coli. Biosens. Bioelectron. 85, 68–75 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. T.N.J.I. Edison, R. Atchudan, J.-J. Shim, S. Kalimuthu, B.-C. Ahn, Y.R. Lee, Turn-off fluorescence sensor for the detection of ferric ion in water using green synthesized N-doped carbon dots and its bio-imaging. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 158, 235–242 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. X. Yang, Y. Zhuo, S. Zhu, Y. Luo, Y. Feng, Y. Dou, Novel and green synthesis of high-fluorescent carbon dots originated from honey for sensing and imaging. Biosens. Bioelectron. 60, 292–298 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Z. Zhang, W. Sun, P. Wu, Highly photoluminescent carbon dots derived from egg white: facile and green synthesis, photoluminescence properties, and multiple applications. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 3, 1412–1418 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. R. Atchudan, T.N.J.I. Edison, D. Chakradhar, S. Perumal, J.-J. Shim, Y.R. Lee, Facile green synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots using Chionanthus retusus fruit extract and investigation of their suitability for metal ion sensing and biological applications. Sens. Actuators B 246, 497–509 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. X. Sun, J. He, S. Yang, M. Zheng, Y. Wang, S. Ma, H. Zheng, Green synthesis of carbon dots originated from Lycii Fructus for effective fluorescent sensing of ferric ion and multicolor cell imaging. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 175, 219–225 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. J. Shi, G. Ni, J. Tu, X. Jin, J. Peng, Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots for sensitive detection of Fe2+ and hydrogen peroxide. J. Nanopart. Res. 19, 209 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. P. Das, S. Ganguly, P.P. Maity, M. Bose, S. Mondal, S. Dhara, A.K. Das, S. Banerjee, N.C. Das, Waste chimney oil to nano lights: a low cost chemosensor for tracer metal detection in practical field and its polymer composite for multidimensional activity. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 180, 56–67 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. F. Edition, Guidelines for drinking-water quality. WHO Chron. 38, 104–108 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Prof. R. K. Sinha, Director CSIR-CSIO, Chandigarh for his constant support. PD acknowledges Department of Science and Technology New Delhi, India for the research project Grant (SYST, GAP 375). AT acknowledges DST INSPIRE fellowship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pooja Devi.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 681 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Devi, P., Thakur, A., Bhardwaj, S.K. et al. Metal ion sensing and light activated antimicrobial activity of aloe-vera derived carbon dots. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 29, 17254–17261 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9819-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9819-0

Navigation