Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of sputtering power on the performance of p-Ni1−xO:Li/n-Si heterojunction solar cells

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of sputtering power on the performance of p-Ni1−xO:Li/n-Si heterojunction solar cells (HJSCs). The results of this study indicate a strong dependence of the cell characteristics on the sputtering power. Extremely high or low sputtering power generates higher interface state density (D it ), resulting in the lowering of open circuit voltage (V oc ) and fill factor (FF). The cell fabricated at a sputtering power of 100 W has the lowest D it of 7.08 × 1011 cm−2 eV−1, corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency (η) of 4.30 % [short circuit current density (J sc ): 18.06 mA cm−2, V oc : 390 mV, FF: 61.1 %, series resistance (R s ): 4.3 Ωcm2 and shunt resistance (R sh ): 478.75 Ωcm2]. Furthermore, the cell exhibits a considerably poor temperature coefficient of −0.70 %/ °C (J sc : +0.07 %/°C, V oc : −0.52 %/°C and FF: −0.29 %/°C) when compared with conventional solar cells. Further improvement in the D it of the cell is highly imperative for developing p-Ni1−xO:Li/n-Si HJSCs with a high conversion efficiency and a good temperature coefficient.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. D.M. Chapin, C.S. Fuller, G.L. Pearson, J. Appl. Phys. 25, 676 (1954)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. M. Taguchi, K. Kawamoto, S. Tsuge, T. Baba, H. Sakata, M. Morizane, K. Uchihashi, N. Nakamura, S. Kiyama, O. Oota, Prog. Photovolt. 8, 503 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Taguchi, E. Maruyama, M. Tanaka, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 47, 814 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. A.A. Ibrahim, A. Ashour, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 17, 835 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  5. F.H. Hsu, N.F. Wang, Y.Z. Tsai, M.P. Houng, Sol. Energy 86, 3146 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. H.W. Fang, T.E. Hsieh, J.Y. Juang, Surf. Coat. Technol. 231, 214 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. D. Song, B. Guo, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 42, 025103 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Kobayashi, S. Tachibana, K. Yamanaka, Y. Nakato, K. Yoneda, J. Appl. Phys. 81, 7630 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. O. Malik, F.J. De la Hidalga-W, C. Zuniga-I, G. Ruiz-T, J. Non-Cryst, Solids 354, 2472 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  10. D. Song, A.G. Aberle, J. Xia, Appl. Surf. Sci. 195, 291 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. F.H. Hsu, N.F. Wang, Y.Z. Tsai, M.C. Chuang, Y.S. Cheng, M.P. Houng, Appl. Surf. Sci. 280, 104 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. H. Iimori, S. Yamane, T. Kitamura, K. Murakoshi, A. Imanishi, Y. Nakato, J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 11586 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. N. Gupta, R. Singh, F. Wu, J. Narayan, C. McMillen, G.F. Alapatt, K.F. Poole, S.J. Hwu, D. Sulejmanovic, M. Young, G. Teeter, H.S. Ullal, J. Mater. Res. 28, 1740 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. F. Gao, X.J. Liu, J.S. Zhang, M.Z. Song, N. Li, J. Appl. Phys. 111, 084507 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. N.G. Elfadill, M.R. Hashim, K.M. Chahrour, M.A. Qaeed, W. Chunsheng, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 25, 262 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  16. S. Masudy-Panah, G.K. Dalapati, K. Radhakrishnan, A. Kumar, H.R. Tan, E.N. Kumar, C. Vijila, C.C. Tan, D.Z. Chi, Prog. Photovolt. Early View (2014). doi:10.1002/pip.2483

  17. K.V. Rajani, S. Daniels, M. Rahman, A. Cowley, P.J. McNally, Mater. Lett. 111, 63 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. F.H. Hsu, N.F. Wang, Y.Z. Tsai, Y.S. Song, M.P. Houng, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 46, 275104 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. P. Sigmund, Sputtering by Ion Bombardment: Theoretical Concepts (Springer, Heidelberg, 1981)

    Google Scholar 

  20. T. Kubart, T. Nyberg, S. Berg, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 43, 205204 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. N.F. Wang, Y.Z. Tsai, F.H. Hsu, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 60, 4073 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. S.M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 2nd edn. (Wiley, New York, 1981), pp. 109–113

    Google Scholar 

  23. S. Majumdar, P. Banerji, J. Appl. Phys. 105, 043704 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. R.K. Gupta, K. Ghosh, P.K. Kahol, Phys. E 41, 876 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Tan, M.K. Das, J.A. Cooper Jr., M.R. Melloch, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2280 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. H.W. Fang, T.E. Hsieh, J.Y. Juang, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 121, 176 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. R. Scheer, J. Appl. Phys. 105, 104505 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. M. Passlack, M. Hong, J.P. Mannaerts, R.L. Opila, S.N.G. Chu, N. Moriya, F. Ren, J.R. Kwo, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 44, 214 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. M. Spitzer, J. Shewchun, D. Burk, J. Appl. Phys. 51, 6399 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. K.Y. Chan, B.S. Teo, J. Mater. Sci. 40, 5971 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. H. Bartzsch, P. Frach, K. Goedicke, Surf. Coat. Technol. 132, 244 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. N. Hernandez-Como, A. Morales-Acevedo, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 94, 62 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. M. Schmidt, L. Korte, A. Laades, R. Stangl, Ch. Schubert, H. Angermann, E. Conrad, K.V. Maydell, Thin Solid Films 515, 7475 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. E. Maruyama, A. Terakawa, M. Taguchi, Y. Yoshimine, D. Ide, T. Baba, M. Shima, H. Sakata, M. Tanaka, in Proceedings of WCPEC-4, Hawaii, 2006, pp. 1455–1460

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Science Council of Taiwan, ROC (Grant Nos. NSC-102-2221-E-006-242-MY3 and NSC 101-2221-E-230-015).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Microelectronics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Dasyue Rd., East District, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan

    Feng-Hao Hsu & Mau-Phon Houng

  2. Department of Electronic Engineering, Cheng Shiu University, 840 Chengcing Rd., Niaosong District, Kaohsiung City, 833, Taiwan

    Na-Fu Wang, Yu-Zen Tsai & Ming-Hao Chien

Authors
  1. Feng-Hao Hsu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Na-Fu Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yu-Zen Tsai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ming-Hao Chien
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mau-Phon Houng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mau-Phon Houng.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hsu, FH., Wang, NF., Tsai, YZ. et al. Effect of sputtering power on the performance of p-Ni1−xO:Li/n-Si heterojunction solar cells. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 26, 755–761 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2460-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2460-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation