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Phase transition and piezoelectric properties of (1−x)(K0.42Na0.58)(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3–x(Bi0.5Na0.5)0.90Mg0.10ZrO3 lead-free ceramics

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Abstract

(1−x)(K0.42Na0.58)(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3–x(Bi0.5Na0.5)0.90Mg0.10ZrO3 [(1−x)KNNS–xBNMZ] lead-free ceramics have been prepared by the normal sintering, and effects of BNMZ content on their phase structure, microstructure, and electrical properties have been systematically investigated. These ceramics with 0.045 ≤ x ≤ 0.05 possess a rhombohedral–tetragonal (R–T) phase boundary, as confirmed by the temperature dependence of dielectric properties and X-ray diffraction patterns. The grain size of the ceramics first increases and then decreases as the BNMZ content increases, and the ceramic with x = 0.06 possesses much smaller grains (<1 μm), resulting in the abnormal electrical and phase transition behavior. In addition, the Mg2+ was homogenously distributed in the ceramic matrixes. These ceramics with R–T phase boundary show enhanced dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties as compared with a pure KNN, and optimum electrical properties (e.g., P r ~ 16.23 μC/cm2, E C ~ 7.58 kV/cm, ε r ~ 2,663, tan δ ~ 0.034, d 33 ~ 434 pC/N, k p ~ 0.47, and T C ~ 244 °C) were found in the ceramic with x = 0.0475. We believe that the (1−x)KNNS–xBNMZ ceramic is a promising candidate for lead-free piezoelectric devices.

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Acknowledgments

Authors gratefully acknowledge the supports of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2012SCU04A01), the introduction of talent start funds of Sichuan University (2082204144033), and the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC Nos. 51102173, 51272164, and 51332003). Thank Ms. Hui Wang for measuring the FE-SEM images.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, People’s Republic of China

    Jiagang Wu, Yingjuan Yang, Xiaopeng Wang, Dingquan Xiao & Jianguo Zhu

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  1. Jiagang Wu
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  2. Yingjuan Yang
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Correspondence to Jiagang Wu.

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Wu, J., Yang, Y., Wang, X. et al. Phase transition and piezoelectric properties of (1−x)(K0.42Na0.58)(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3–x(Bi0.5Na0.5)0.90Mg0.10ZrO3 lead-free ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 25, 4650–4656 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2218-2

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