Abstract
Ferroelectric (K0.455Li0.045Na0.5)(Nb0.9Ta0.1)O3 + x mol% BaCO3 ceramic compositions with Ba2+ as an A-site dopant in the range of x = 0–1.2 mol% were synthesized by conventional ceramic processing route. Effect of Ba2+ content on the microstructure, ferroelectric, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics was investigated. The results of X-ray diffraction reveal that Ba2+ diffuse into the (K0.455Li0.045Na0.5)(Nb0.9Ta0.1)O3 lattices to form a solid solution with a perovskite structure having typical orthorhombic symmetry. As Ba2+ content increases, cell volume and tetragonality increase in the crystal structure of the ceramics. Increasing doping level of Ba2+ inhibits grain growth in the ceramics and reduces both the Curie temperature (T c) and tetragonal–orthorhombic phase transition temperature (T o-t). The bulk density, remnant polarization P r, room-temperature dielectric constant (ε′RT), planar electromechanical coupling factor k p , and piezoelectric charge coefficient d 33 are found to increase as Ba2+ concentration increases from 0 to 0.8 mol% and then decrease as Ba2+ content increases further from 0.8 to 1.2 mol%. High piezoelectric properties of d 33 = 187 pC/N and k p = 48 % are found in 0.8 mol% Ba2+ composition. Optimum amount of Ba2+ dopant takes the polymorphic phase boundary region consisting of orthorhombic and tetragonal crystal structures of the ceramic system near the room temperature and enhances its piezoelectric properties.
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The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Department of Science and Technology, India, under the Research Project No. SR/S2/CMP-0017/2011.
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Gaur, R., Singh, K.C. & Laishram, R. Structural and piezoelectric properties of barium-modified lead-free (K0.455Li0.045Na0.5)(Nb0.9Ta0.1)O3 ceramics. J Mater Sci 48, 5607–5613 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7355-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7355-0