Abstract
Semiconducting molecular materials based on iron phthalocyanine and diamine ligands have been successfully used to prepare thin films by a thermal evaporation technique. The samples were deposited on corning glass substrates and crystalline silicon wafers and were characterized by FT-IR, UV–Vis, SEM and EDS. The optical parameters have been investigated using spectrophotometric transmission measurements in the 200–1,150 nm wavelength range. The UV–VIS spectra of the films show two well defined absorption bands, namely, the Soret and the Q-band. The values of the optical band gap Eg (direct transitions) calculated from the absorption spectra, ranged between 3.30 and 4.38 eV. The effect of temperature on the conductivity of the films was also evaluated and the electrical transport properties were studied by dc conductivity measurements. The electrical activation energies of the complexes, which were in the range of 0.04–0.64 eV, were calculated from Arrhenius plots.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K. Sakamoto, E. Ohno-Okumura, Materials 2 (2009) 1127–1179; doi: 10.3390/ma2031127
P. Mashazi, C. Togo, J. Limson, T. Nyokong, J. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines 14(3), 252–263 (2010)
P. Oña-Burgos, M. Casimiro, I. Fernández, A. Valero Navarro, J.F. Fernández Sánchez, A. Segura Carretero, A. Fernández Gutiérrez, Dalton Trans. 39, 6231–6238 (2010)
G. Bottari, G. de la Torre, D. M. Guldi, T. Torres, Chem. Rev. Articles ASAP DOI: 10.1021/cr900254z
H. Wang, S. Mauthoor, S. Din, J.A. Gardener, R. Chang, M. Warner, G. Aeppli, D.W. McComb, M.P. Ryan, W. Wu, A.J. Fisher, M. Stoneham, S. Heutz, ACS Nano 4(7), 3921–3926 (2010)
N. Papageorgiou, E. Salomon, T. Angot, J. Layet, L. Giovanelli, G. Le, Lay, Prog. Surf. Sci. 77, 139–170 (2004)
G. de la Torre, P. Vázquez, F. Agullo-López, T. Torres, Chem. Rev. 104 (2004) 3723–3750
C.L. Jones, T. Howard, N.M. Pleasant, J. Und. Chem. Res. 8(1), 32–36 (2009)
W.Y. Tong, A.B. Djurisic, A.M.C. Ng, W.K. Chan, Thin Solid Films 515, 5270–5274 (2007)
M.M. El-Nahass, A.M. Farag, K.F. Abd El-Rahman, A.A.A. Darwish, Opt. Laser Technol. 37, 513–523 (2005)
M. Hanack, A. Datz, R. Fay, K. Fischer, U. Keppler, J. Koch, J. Metz, M. Mezger, O. Schneider, H.J. Schulze, Handbook on Conducting Polymers (T. Skotheim, Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1985)
K. Soo-Jong, M. Matsumoto, K. Shigehara, J. Porphyrins, Phthalocyanines 4, 136–144 (2000)
J. Tauc, “Optical Properties of Non-Crystalline Solids”, in Optical Properties of Solids, F. Abele’s (Ed.) (North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1972), p. 277
J. Metz, M. Hanack, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105, 828–830 (1983)
L. Sutarlie, K. Yang, Sens, Actuators, B 134, 1000–1004 (2008)
N.A. Rakow, A. Sen, M.C. Janzen, J.B. Ponder, K.S. Suslick, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 44, 4528–4532 (2005)
M.-M. Shi, H.-Z. Chen, M. Wang, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 64(9), 1769–1774 (1997)
M.M. El-Nahass, M.M. Sallam, H.A. Ali, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 19, 4057–4071 (2005)
M.M. El-Nahass, A.M. Farag, K.F. Abd El-Rahman, A.A.A. Darwish, Optics & Laser Technol. 37, 513–523 (2005)
J. Bardeen, F.J. Slatt, L.J. Hall, Photoconductivity Conference, p. 146 Wiley, New York, 1956
R. Rella, J. Spaavecchia, G. Ciccarella, P. Siciliano, G. Vasapollo, L. Valli, Sens. Actuators, B 89, 86–91 (2003)
X. Li, H. Zhu, J. Wei, K. Wang, E. Xu, Z. Li, D. Wu, Appl. Phys. A 97, 341–344 (2009)
L. Leontie, M. Caraman, M. Delibas, G.I. Rusu, Mater. Res. Bull. 36, 1629–1637 (2001)
L. Leontie, M. Roman, F. Brinza, C. Podaru, G.I. Rusu, Synthetic Metals 138, 157–163 (2003)
S. Ambily, C.S. Menon, Solid State Commun. 94, 485–487 (1995)
A.K. Abass, A. Krier, R.A. Collins, Phys. Status Solidi. A 142, 435–442 (1994)
G.D. Cody. Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon, Part B, Optical Properties, Semiconductors and Semimetals, vol. 21, Ed. J. I Pankove, Academic Press, Orlando, 1984
M.S. Kiani, G.R. Mitchell, Synth. Met. 46, 293–306 (1992)
A. Kumnar Mahapatro, S. Ghosh, J. Appl. Phys. 101 (2007) 034318-1-034318-5
R. Seoudi, G.S. El-Bahy, Z.A. El Sayed, J. Mol. Struct. 753, 119–126 (2005)
K.R. Rajesh, C.S. Menon, Can. J. Phys. 83, 1151–1159 (2005)
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge Ing. J. Eleazar Urbina, Fis. Roberto Hernandez and Dr. Margarita Rivera for technical assistance in the EDS and SEM measurements. We wish thank Dr. Jose Ramon Alvarez Bada for the English revision of the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sánchez-Vergara, M.E., García-Montalvo, V., Alonso-Huitrón, J.C. et al. Electrical and optical properties of one-dimensional metallophthalocyanine (M = Fe) thin films grown by thermal evaporation. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 23, 193–199 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-011-0382-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-011-0382-1