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The design of Ti–Cu–Ni–Zr titanium alloy solder: thermodynamic calculation and experimental validation

  • Metals & corrosion
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Abstract

The melting points of commonly used commercial brazing filler metals (Ti–15Cu–15Ni and Ti–15Cu–25Ni) are higher than the β-phase transformation temperature of the SP700 titanium alloy, and therefore, the microstructure of the brazed joint and the joint shear strength will deteriorate. To design the proper Ti–Cu–Ni–Zr solder, the phase equilibrium relationship in the Ti–rich corner of this Ti–Cu–Ni–Zr system was studied by CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method, and a set of critical thermodynamic descriptions of the phases of Ti–Cu–Ni–Zr was obtained. The relationship between the composition and the melting point of the solder was clarified by the liquidus projection based on the description. The influence of Cu, Ni, and Zr on the phase and structure of brazing solders was analyzed. The SP700 titanium alloy was brazed using Ti–60Zr–10Cu–14Ni amorphous solder designed in this work. After brazing at 890 °C for 1 h, the needle-like structure was formed and the brazed joint was composed of 47 mol% NiTiZr, 5 mol% BCC, 35 mol% Cu(Ti, Zr)2, and 13 mol% NiZr2 phases, which successfully avoid forming harmful (Cu, Ni)(Ti, Zr) phases. The brazing solder exhibits a high shear strength of 575.9 MPa which is higher than traditional solders.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51734002), Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai (19010500400 and 19DZ2252900), and AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute (201911025002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China

    Qian Zhang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy and, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China

    Hongcan Chen, Qun Luo & Qian Li

  3. National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Yuan Yuan & Qian Li

  4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Huiqun Liu

  5. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China

    Huiqun Liu

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  1. Qian Zhang
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  4. Yuan Yuan
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Correspondence to Qun Luo or Qian Li.

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Zhang, Q., Chen, H., Luo, Q. et al. The design of Ti–Cu–Ni–Zr titanium alloy solder: thermodynamic calculation and experimental validation. J Mater Sci 57, 6819–6831 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07063-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07063-5

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