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A dual-template defective 3DOMM-TiO2-x for enhanced non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose determination

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Abstract

A defective three dimensionally ordered macro-mesoporous TiO2-X (3DOMM-TiO2-X) was successfully prepared through dual-template method and applied as non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor. The introduced oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ defects through defect engineering, as well as the macro-mesoporous structure induced by dual template, synergistically improve the performance of glucose determination. The Nafion/3DOMM-TiO2-X/FTO electrode shows better current response to glucose than commercial P25 and 3DOM-TiO2. A two-stage wide detection linear range of 1 μM ~ 2.32 mM and 2.32 mM ~ 14.72 mM was observed, with the sensitivity of 14.11 μA mM−1 cm−2 and 3.44 μA mM−1 cm−2, detection limits of 0.15 μM and 0.63 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. The electrode also exhibits superior reproducibility, stability, and selectivity performance. Furthermore, a reactive oxygen species oxidation mechanism was proposed and investigated. The Nafion/3DOMM-TiO2-X/FTO electrode also exhibits the potential as a photoelectrochemical electrode. Our results indicate the feasibility of the strategies to enhance the sensing ability by improving electronic conductivity through constructing 3DOMM porous structure and defect engineering.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the Project (51602297), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (201861019) and the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing (SKLOP202002002). We also thank Associate Prof. Peng Bai at China University of Petroleum (Huadong) for collecting BET data.

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  1. Quan Li and Lei Chen have made equal contribution.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Quan Li, Lei Chen, Chunyu Guo & Wentai Wang

  2. Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China

    Xin Liu

  3. College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China

    Dezhi Han

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  1. Quan Li
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Li, Q., Chen, L., Guo, C. et al. A dual-template defective 3DOMM-TiO2-x for enhanced non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose determination. J Mater Sci 56, 3414–3429 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05470-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05470-0

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