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Preparation of high-performance polyimide fibers via a partial pre-imidization process

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Abstract

In this work, a series of polyimide fibers (PI) based on 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic anhydride (BPDA)/p-phenylenediamine (PDA) were prepared through a partial pre-imidization process, and the properties of these fibers were investigated in detail. The pre-imidization degree (pre-ID) was successfully controlled by adjusting the amount of dehydration reagents, which was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared. The scanning electron microscope images show that the addition of dehydration reagents in the poly(amic acid) spinning dope improves the shaping of the precursor fibers, which is related to the thermodynamic phase separation in the coagulation bath. The WAXD patterns indicate that the formed partial rigid-rod and oriented PI chains in the pre-imidization process are beneficial for forming a more ordered and regular crystalline structure in the post-heat-drawing process, thus improving their mechanical properties, which exhibit an optimum tensile strength and modulus of 1.7 GPa and 95.0 GPa, respectively. Meanwhile, the prepared PI fibers exhibit excellent thermal stabilities with the 5 wt% (T5%) weight loss temperature ranging from 530 to 568 °C depending on the pre-imidization degree. This work provides a simple and facile approach to preparing high-performance PI fibers through the partial pre-imidization process.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2232017A-01), Shanghai Science and Technology Commission “Yangfan” Program (17YF1400500), Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan (16JC1403600) and the Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials (LK1604).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People’s Republic of China

    Yuting Fang, Jie Dong, Dianbo Zhang, Xin Zhao & Qinghua Zhang

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  1. Yuting Fang
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  2. Jie Dong
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  3. Dianbo Zhang
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  4. Xin Zhao
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Correspondence to Jie Dong or Qinghua Zhang.

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Fang, Y., Dong, J., Zhang, D. et al. Preparation of high-performance polyimide fibers via a partial pre-imidization process. J Mater Sci 54, 3619–3631 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-3068-8

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