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Direct synthesis of nanosized-ZSM-5/SBA-15 analog composites from preformed ZSM-5 precursors for improved catalytic performance as cracking catalyst

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Abstract

Nanosized-ZSM-5/SBA-15 analog composites (ZSC) were successfully synthesized in a two-step process from zeolite seed solutions containing intact ZSM-5 nanocrystals (nano-ZSM-5) by high-temperature synthesis in mild acidic media (200 °C, pH 3.5). The ZSC solids exhibit domains of nano-ZSM-5 blended homogeneously with highly condensed, well-ordered mesoporous SBA-15 analogs containing zeolite building units. The content of nano-ZSM-5 phase and SBA-15 analog phase can be controlled by a single synthesis parameter, i.e., the precrystallization time of the initially formed zeolite seed solution. Compared to conventional Al-SBA-15, the acidic properties, particularly the surface density of strong Brønsted acid sites, of the ZSC are significantly improved while its micro-/mesostructures are well maintained even upon steaming at 800 °C for 24 h. The catalytic activity of the ZSC solids compared to that of commercial ZSM-5 and Al-SBA-15 samples was evaluated in the gas phase cracking of cumene and 1,3,5-tri-isopropylbenzene (TIPB) as probe reactions. The results show that the ZSC materials are effective for the conversion of both cumene and TIPB due to the increased density of the Brønsted acid sites with high accessibility provided by well-dispersed nano-ZSM-5 in the mesoporous SBA-15 analog matrix.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. M.-M. Pohl for recording TEM images, Dr. M. Schneider for XRD measurements, Mr. R. Eckelt for N2 adsorption and desorption studies; Dr. D.-L. Hoang and Dr. N. Steinfeldt are acknowledged for their help to carry out NH3-TPD and WAXS/SAXS measurements, respectively. X.-H Vu would like to thank VIED and LIKAT for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany

    Xuan Hoan Vu, Ursula Bentrup, Udo Armbruster & Andreas Martin

  2. Institute of Chemical Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany

    Michael Hunger

  3. Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany

    Ralph Kraehnert

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  1. Xuan Hoan Vu
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  2. Ursula Bentrup
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  6. Andreas Martin
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Correspondence to Andreas Martin.

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Vu, X.H., Bentrup, U., Hunger, M. et al. Direct synthesis of nanosized-ZSM-5/SBA-15 analog composites from preformed ZSM-5 precursors for improved catalytic performance as cracking catalyst. J Mater Sci 49, 5676–5689 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8287-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8287-z

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