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Screening of elemental impurities in commercial detonation nanodiamond using sector field inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

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Abstract

The quantitation of 55 elemental impurities in 15 commercial samples of detonation nanodiamond (DND), micron-sized diamond of high pressure/high temperature synthesis and detonation synthesis soot (DS) was achieved using a direct sector field ICP-MS analytical method. A set of 23 elements contributing more than 99.8 mass % of all impurities was selected and used as markers for the evaluation of DND purity. Obtained data were evaluated to identify important information on possible sources of nanodiamond contamination during purification, disaggregation, solubilisation or stabilisation of suspensions. Distinctive groups of elements (including Cr, Mn and S; Mo, W, V and Ti; Na, B and Si; Ca and Mg) occurring at elevated levels in DND can be readily visualised using radar plots, and can be related to the detonation synthesis (construction materials of explosion chamber, admixture in coolant, detonator type) and/or purification processes (type of oxidation process and reagents). The contaminant profile for each respective DND can be also considered as a fingerprint, characteristic for every producer and technology used. Results obtained also highlight how DND can be considered as effective collectors of various inorganic impurities from chemical reagents, glassware, sonotrode and other materials used during processing, including disaggregation and stabilisation of suspensions.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the Australian Research Council to ACROSS (DP110102046) and CSL (LE0989539). The authors would also like to acknowledge the Central Science Laboratory for substantial instrumental support and service. Dr I. Kulakova (Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia) and A. Puzyr (Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia) are kindly acknowledged for the provision of UDD-TAN, UDD-SF and IB-SB samples of nanodiamonds. L. Markov and V. Gospodinov (SRTI-BAS) are acknowledged for their assistance in detonation soot synthesis.

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  1. Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Physical Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    Dimitar P. Mitev, Brett Paull & Pavel N. Nesterenko

  2. Central Science Laboratory, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 74, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    Ashley T. Townsend

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  1. Dimitar P. Mitev
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Correspondence to Pavel N. Nesterenko.

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Mitev, D.P., Townsend, A.T., Paull, B. et al. Screening of elemental impurities in commercial detonation nanodiamond using sector field inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. J Mater Sci 49, 3573–3591 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8036-3

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