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On the thermal stability of the copper–titanium–zirconium phosphate solid-solution series: CuTi2−xZrx(PO4)3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) under air

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Abstract

The solid copper(I) electrolytes: CuTi2(PO4)3; CuTiZr(PO4)3; and CuZr2(PO4)3; were prepared as powders by high temperature synthesis and analysed by powder XRD. These materials were then annealed in air at 400 °C for 72 h. The results of powder XRD showed that the degree of oxidation under these conditions varies progressively and enormously across this series, with the passivity dependent upon the Ti/Zr ratio; CuTi2(PO4)3 being the least reactive under these conditions. The results of the thermogravimetric analyses in artificial air (\( P_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} \) = 0.2 bar) corroborate with the above, and reveal in all cases that Teqm = 500 ± 25 °C for the reversible reaction: 4Cu (Ti, Zr)2(PO4)3 + O2 ⇆ 4Cu0.5 (Ti, Zr)2(PO4)3 + 2CuO. Green Cu0.5TiZr (PO4)3 has been prepared as a new compound and was shown to belong to a rhombohedral system with hexagonal cell constants: a = 8.599(1) Å; c = 22.355(3) Å; Z = 6.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Professor Andrew Bond for assistance with indexing the powder X-ray diffraction patterns for CuTiZr(PO4)3 and Cu0.5TiZr(PO4)3.

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  1. Institute of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Allé 1, 5230, Odense M, Denmark

    T. E. Warner & E. M. Skou

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  1. T. E. Warner
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  2. E. M. Skou
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Correspondence to T. E. Warner.

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Warner, T.E., Skou, E.M. On the thermal stability of the copper–titanium–zirconium phosphate solid-solution series: CuTi2−xZrx(PO4)3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) under air. J Mater Sci 46, 4622–4629 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-5364-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-5364-4

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