Abstract
Electroactive poly(4-methyl carbazole-3-carboxylic acid) (PMCCA) film was formed on Pt electrode surface by oxidative electropolymerization of a new carbazole derivative. The structure of the soluble polymer was elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The average molecular weight has been determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) to be Mn = 51,000 for the electrochemically synthesized polymer. Characterizations of the resulting polymer were performed by cyclic voltammetry, dry conductivity measurement, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy. Spectroelectrochemical studies indicated that PMCCA films revealed a green color in the oxidized state and a high transmittance in the neutral state. The conductivities of PMCCA are in the range of 10−5–10−4 S cm−1.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sato MA, Tanaka S, Kaeriyama K (1986) J Chem Soc Chem Commun (11):873
Jen KY, Miller GG, Elsenbaumer RL (1986) J Chem Soc Chem Commun (17):1346
Sugimoto Takeda RS, Gu HB, Yoshino K (1986) Chem Express 1:635
Hotta S, Rughooputh SDDV, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1987) Macromolecules 20:212
Roncali J, Garreau R, Yasar A, Marque P, Garnier F, Lemaire M (1987) J Phys Chem 91:6706
Leclerc M, Diaz FM, Wegner G (1989) Macromol Chem 190:3105
Udum YA, Pekmez K, Yildiz A (2004) Eur Polym J 40(6):1057
Rughooputh SDDV, Nowak M, Hotta S, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1987) Synth Met 21:41
Sonmez G, Schwendeman I, Schottland P, Zong K, Reynolds JR (2003) Macromolecules 36:639
Heywang G, Jonas F (1992) Adv Mater 4:116
Hanna R, Leclerc M (1996) Chem Mater 8:1512
Sonmez G, Sonmez HB, Shen CKF, Jost RW, Rubin Y, Wudl F (2005) Macromolecules 38:669
Granqvist CG, Azens A, Hjelm A, Kullman L, Niklasson GA, Ronnow D, Mattsson MS, Veszelei M, Vaivars G (1998) Sol Energy 63:199
Bohnke O, Bohnke C, Amal S (1989) Mater Sci Eng B B3(1–2):197
Sonmez G, Sonmez HB (2006) J Mater Chem 16:2473
Kumar A, Welsh DM, Morvant MC, Piroux F, Abboud KA, Reynolds JR (1998) Chem Mater 10:896
Lère-Porte JP, Moreau JJE, Torreilles C (2001) Eur J Org Chem 2001(7):1249
Welsh DM, Kloeppner LJ, Madrigal L, Pinto MR, Thompson BC, Schanze KS, Abboud KA, Powell D, Reynolds JR (2002) Macromolecules 35:6517
Sonmez G (2005) Chem Commun (42):5251
Gunbas GE, Durmus A, Toppare L (2008) Adv Funct Mater 18:2026
Beaujuge PM, Ellinger S, Reynolds JR (2008) Adv Mater 20:2772
Glenis S, Benz M, Legoff E, Schindler JL, Kannewurf CR, Kanatzidis MG (1993) J Am Chem Soc 115:12519
Kobayashi M, Chen J, Chung TC, Moraes F, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1984) Synth Met 9:77
Hillman AR, Mallen EF (1990) J Electroanal Chem 281:109
Grazulevicius JV, Strohriegl P, Pielichowski J, Pielichowski K (2003) Prog Polym Sci 28:1297
Lengvinaite S, Sangermano M, Malucelli G, Priola A, Grigalevicius S, Grazulevicius JV, Getautis V (2007) Eur Polym J 43(2):380
Shı J, Huang M, Chen Z, Gong Q, Cao S (2004) J Mater Sci 39:3783. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JMSC.0000030738.49806.8d
Morin JF, Leclerc M, Ades D, Siove A (2005) Macromol Rapid Commun 26:761
Ambrose JF, Nelson RF (1968) J Electrochem Soc 115:1159
Ambrose JF, Carpenter LL, Nelson RF (1975) J Electrochem Soc 122(7):876
Siove A, Adès D, Chevrot C, Froyer G (1989) Macromol Chem 190:1361
Siove A, Ades D, N′gbilo E, Chevrot C (1990) Synth Met 38(3):331
Siove A, Belorgey G (1993) Polym Bull 31(1):105
Hoegl H (1965) J Phys Chem 69(3):755
Grazulevicius JV, Soutar I, Swanson L (1998) Macromolecules 31(15):4820
Verghese MM, Ram MK, Vardhan H, Malhotra BD, Ashraf SM (1997) Polymer 38(7):1625
Tao XT, Zhang YD, Wada T, Sasabe H, Suzuki H, Watanabe T, Miyata S (1998) Adv Mater 10(3):226
Cosnier S, Fologea D, Szunerits S, Marks RS (2000) Electrochem Commun 2(12):827
Nishio K, Fujimoto M, Yoshinaga N, Furukawa N, Ando O, Ono H, Suzuki T (1991) J Power Sources 34(2):153
Ergun Y, Patir S, Okay G (1998) J Heterocycl Chem 35(6):1445
Walter M, Ramaley L (1973) Anal Chem 45(1):165
Sertel M, Yildiz A, Baumgaertel H (1986) Electrochim Acta 31(12):1625
Pelous Y, Froyer G, Ades D, Chevrot C, Siove A (1990) Polym Commun 31(9):341
Desbene-Monvernay A, Lacaze PC, Dubois JE (1981) J Electroanal Chem 129(1–2):229
Makoto S, Kota D, Shun-Ichi I, Morihisa S, Kenro H, Masaaki F (2001) J Phys Chem A 105:8651
Wenjian L, Chuanzhi X, Shengfu J, Jinmao Y, Qingyu O (2000) Spectrochim Acta A 56:2049
Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful for the financial support from the Hacettepe University Scientific Research Unit (No. 03 G 081).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Udum, Y.A., Ergun, Y., Sahin, Y. et al. Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of a new soluble conducting polymer. J Mater Sci 44, 3148–3155 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3419-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3419-6