Abstract
Rare earth (RE) and manganese-modified lead titanate ceramics were studied concerning the presence of two peaks in the temperature dependence of the dielectric permittivity. An eventual incorporation of the RE into A-site and/or B-site in the perovskite structure and the oxygen migration were considered as causes of the observed phenomenon. The structural analysis showed that at least a small amount of Ti4+ could be substituted by the RE ions. It was considered from the pyroelectric and electrical conductivity results that, even when an eventual incorporation of the RE into the A-site and/or B-site of the structure could be possible, both peaks could not be associated with paraelectric–ferroelectric (PE-FE) phase transitions. The observed peak at lower temperatures has been associated with the PE-FE phase transitions, whereas the hopping of oxygen vacancies has been considered as the cause for the dielectric anomaly observed at higher temperatures.
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank the Third World Academy of Sciences (RG/PHYS/LA No. 99-050, No. 02-225, No. 05-043) and FAPESP Brazilian agency (Proc. No. 06/60013-5) for financial support, and ICTP for financial support of Latin-American Network of Ferroelectric Materials (NET-43). Dr. Peláiz-Barranco wishes to thank Universidad Autónoma de Madrid for financial support. Dr. Calderón-Piñar wishes to thank the ICTP program for Training and Research in Italian laboratories.
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Peláiz-Barranco, A., Guerra, J.D.S., Calderón-Piñar, F. et al. Dielectric response features and oxygen migration on rare earth modified lead titanate ferroelectric ceramics. J Mater Sci 44, 204–211 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-3100-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-3100-5